A method for the rapid and controlled synthesis of mixed metal oxide nanoparticles using relatively low temperature plasma oxidation of liquid droplets of predetermined mixed metal precursors is disclosed. The resulting nanoparticles reflect the metal precursor stoichiometries and the mixed metal oxide's metastable phase can be controlled. The synthesis of mixed transition metal oxide comprising binary metal oxides, ternary mixed metal oxides, quaternary mixed metal oxides and pentanary mixed metal oxides are demonstrated herein.

The present invention provides a supported metal catalyst, a method for synthesizing ammonia using said catalyst, and a supported metal material in which a transition metal is supported on a support, wherein the support is a metal hydride represented by general formula (1): XH.sub.n . . . (1); and in general formula (1), X represents at least one selected from the group consisting of atoms from Groups 2 and 3, and lanthanoid atoms, and n is in a range of 2<n<3.

An inorganic structure body has a free-standing structure including a fibrous member and/or a shell. The fibrous member and/or the shell include a metal and/or an inorganic material and have a three-dimensionally continuous configuration. The free-standing structure may have a structure that is based on a nonwoven fabric or a porous membrane used as a substrate.

Provided is a monatomic amorphous palladium, a method for preparing the same and use thereof. The method comprises a) loading a monatomic palladium powder on a silicon nitride substrate; b) heating the silicon nitride substrate loaded with the monatomic palladium powder obtained in a) up to a temperature of 800 C. to 1000 C. and keeping the temperature for at least 3 minutes; and c) cooling a system of palladium and silicon nitride obtained in b) to room temperature at an apparent cooling rate greater than 10.sup.3 C./second, thus obtaining the monatomic amorphous palladium.

Disclosed herein is a method of manufacturing a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) including directly depositing a liquid suspension containing a platinum precursor onto an ionically conductive membrane (e.g., proton-exchange membrane) that, when the platinum precursor deposit layer is reduced, provides a layer that will scavenge hydrogen that has diffused back through the membrane due to cell stack pressure differential.

Provided is a method of making an inorganic platinum compound. The method includes the steps of: Step (A): providing a platinum material and a halogen-containing oxidizing agent; and Step (B): treating the platinum material with the halogen-containing oxidizing agent in a hydrochloric acid aqueous solution to obtain the inorganic platinum compound, including chloroplatinic acid or chloroplatinate salt; wherein the halogen-containing oxidizing agent excludes chlorine gas. The method of making an inorganic platinum compound is simple, safe, time-effective, cost-effective, and environment-friendly, and has the advantage of high yield.

Provided is a method of making an inorganic platinum compound. The method includes the steps of: Step (A): providing a platinum material and a halogen-containing oxidizing agent; and Step (B): treating the platinum material with the halogen-containing oxidizing agent in a hydrochloric acid aqueous solution to obtain the inorganic platinum compound, including chloroplatinic acid or chloroplatinate salt; wherein the halogen-containing oxidizing agent excludes chlorine gas. The method of making an inorganic platinum compound is simple, safe, time-effective, cost-effective, and environment-friendly, and has the advantage of high yield.

The disclosure provides a method of producing a platinum colloid comprising reducing platinum ions by the use of a platinum ion solution, water, a nonionic surfactant, a pH adjusting agent, and a reducing agent, wherein the platinum ion solution contains platinum at a concentration of 20 w/v %, the nonionic surfactant is polysorbate 80, the pH adjusting agent is an alkaline metal salt, the reducing agent is a lower alcohol, the volume of the water is from 600 to 660 times that of the platinum ion solution, the volume of the nonionic surfactant is from 0.20 to 0.30 times that of the platinum ion solution, the volume of the pH adjusting agent as a 5 w/v % aqueous solution is from 10 to 30 times that of the platinum ion solution, and the volume of the reducing agent is from 27 to 37 times that of the platinum ion solution,
as well as the platinum colloid produced by the method.

A mixed ionic and electronic conductor represented by Formula 1:

T.sub.xVa.sub.yA.sub.1-x-yM.sub.zO.sub.3-,

wherein T includes at least one monovalent cation, A includes at least one of a monovalent cation, a divalent cation, and a trivalent cation, M includes at least one of a trivalent cation, a tetravalent cation, and a pentavalent cation, M is an element other than Ti and Zr, Va is a vacancy, is an oxygen vacancy, 0<x, y0.25, 0<z<1, and 01.

A composite material structure including a matrix material layer; and a plurality of one-dimensional nanostructure distributed in the matrix material layer and having an electrical conductivity which is greater than an electrical conductivity of the matrix material layer, wherein the plurality of one-dimensional nanostructures includes a first one-dimensional nanostructure and a second one-dimensional nanostructure in contact with each other.