The present invention relates to a method for the preparation of a flavouring, comprising the steps of (i) providing a reaction mixture comprising yeast extract comprising at least 0.5 wt. %, by weight of dry matter of yeast extract, glycosylamine and/or derivatives thereof and at least 1.0 wt. %, by weight of dry yeast extract, thiol containing compounds; at least 2 wt. %, by weight of the reaction mixture, acid; at least 10 wt. %, by weight of the reaction mixture, water; (ii) heating the reaction mixture at a temperature in the range of 90-160° C.; wherein the heated reaction mixture has an acidity such that a 1 wt. % dilution in demineralised water has a pH of in the range of 3.5 and 6 at 20° C. and (ii) optionally drying the product.

A method of heat-treatment of a product in a sealed container of a packaging material is described. The method includes placing the container in a treatment environment having a pressure (P) and a temperature (T), the pressure and the temperature having a ratio (P/T), and adjusting the temperature and/or pressure in the treatment environment to decrease the ratio over a duration in a time period. The time period starts at a time of cooking onset of the product and extends over a time of cooling onset at which time a temperature decrease is started, the time of cooking onset being preceded by a first time period of temperature ramping during which the temperature is increased. An apparatus for controlling heat-treatment of a product in a sealed container of a packaging material is also described.

A method of heat-treatment of a product in a sealed container of a packaging material is described. The method includes placing the container in a treatment environment having a pressure (P) and a temperature (T), the pressure and the temperature having a ratio (P/T), and adjusting the temperature and/or pressure in the treatment environment to decrease the ratio over a duration in a time period. The time period starts at a time of cooking onset of the product and extends over a time of cooling onset at which time a temperature decrease is started, the time of cooking onset being preceded by a first time period of temperature ramping during which the temperature is increased. An apparatus for controlling heat-treatment of a product in a sealed container of a packaging material is also described.

Disclosed are a novel Akkermansia muciniphila EB-AMDK27 strain having the effect of preventing or treating inflammatory disease or metabolic disease, and a pharmaceutical composition effective for preventing or treating inflammatory disease or metabolic disease, which contains the strain, a culture thereof, or a dried product thereof. While traditional probiotics generally have insufficient therapeutic effects on inflammatory or metabolic diseases, the disclosed next generation probiotic strain has an excellent effect on the prevention or treatment of inflammatory disease and/or metabolic disease so that it may be used as a new prophylactic and therapeutic tool.

Disclosed are a novel Akkermansia muciniphila EB-AMDK27 strain having the effect of preventing or treating inflammatory disease or metabolic disease, and a pharmaceutical composition effective for preventing or treating inflammatory disease or metabolic disease, which contains the strain, a culture thereof, or a dried product thereof. While traditional probiotics generally have insufficient therapeutic effects on inflammatory or metabolic diseases, the disclosed next generation probiotic strain has an excellent effect on the prevention or treatment of inflammatory disease and/or metabolic disease so that it may be used as a new prophylactic and therapeutic tool.

A nutritional composition that includes from about 75% to about 95% of a first protein source that includes from about 85% to about 99% of protein by weight of the first protein source to provide an endogenous source of tryptophan in an amount between about 1% to about 6% of tryptophan by weight of the first protein source; and from about 0.5% to about 2% of a second protein source by weight of the nutritional composition, the second protein source consisting of an exogenous source of tryptophan such that the nutritional composition provides a ratio of tryptophan to large neutral amino acids in the range from about 0.080:1 to about 0.167:1.

A nutritional composition that includes from about 75% to about 95% of a first protein source that includes from about 85% to about 99% of protein by weight of the first protein source to provide an endogenous source of tryptophan in an amount between about 1% to about 6% of tryptophan by weight of the first protein source; and from about 0.5% to about 2% of a second protein source by weight of the nutritional composition, the second protein source consisting of an exogenous source of tryptophan such that the nutritional composition provides a ratio of tryptophan to large neutral amino acids in the range from about 0.080:1 to about 0.167:1.

The invention describes sweetening compositions and methods to prepare sweetening compositions containing steviol glycosides, salts, and other natural or synthetic sweeteners with improved solubilities and sensory profiles.

Glucose oxidase and further compositions are described. The glucose oxidase compositions have glucose oxidase and at least one ingredient selected from one or more of carbohydrate (e.g. dietary fibre or saccharide), polyol or sugar alcohol while further compositions are sweeteners, food, compositions for fortification of food, nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals. The compositions incorporate low glycemic index nutritive compound of glycemic index less than 70, preferably less than 50, and are in the form of powders, granules, crystalline compositions, flours, pills, tablets, capsules, pellets, powder for oral suspensions, gels, liquid solutions and suspensions, and sterile preparations. The compositions regulate one or more disease/conditions, including but not limited to those associated with blood, kidney, thyroid, nerves, joints, weight, diabetes, oxidative stress, cardiovascular disease, insulin resistance, amyloid foot ulcers, cataract, glaucoma, hypertension, metabolic disorders, digestive disorders, polycystic ovarian syndrome, mastopathy, dupuytren's contracture, gingivitis, periodontitis, dental caries, mouth disorders, cognitive dysfunction, and Parkinson's disease.

Glucose oxidase and further compositions are described. The glucose oxidase compositions have glucose oxidase and at least one ingredient selected from one or more of carbohydrate (e.g. dietary fibre or saccharide), polyol or sugar alcohol while further compositions are sweeteners, food, compositions for fortification of food, nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals. The compositions incorporate low glycemic index nutritive compound of glycemic index less than 70, preferably less than 50, and are in the form of powders, granules, crystalline compositions, flours, pills, tablets, capsules, pellets, powder for oral suspensions, gels, liquid solutions and suspensions, and sterile preparations. The compositions regulate one or more disease/conditions, including but not limited to those associated with blood, kidney, thyroid, nerves, joints, weight, diabetes, oxidative stress, cardiovascular disease, insulin resistance, amyloid foot ulcers, cataract, glaucoma, hypertension, metabolic disorders, digestive disorders, polycystic ovarian syndrome, mastopathy, dupuytren's contracture, gingivitis, periodontitis, dental caries, mouth disorders, cognitive dysfunction, and Parkinson's disease.