The present disclosure relates to glass batch compositions. The present disclosure also relates to methods of forming glass with cullet.

As a solid electrolyte used in a lithium ion secondary battery, it has not been possible to obtain a lithium ion conductor precursor glass and a lithium ion conductor in which crystallization progresses at low temperatures and which exhibit high ion conductivity. The present invention can obtain a lithium ion conductor precursor glass and a lithium ion conductor in which crystallization progresses even at low temperatures and which exhibit high ion conductivity by containing 10-35% of a Li.sub.2O component, 20-50% of a P.sub.2O.sub.5 component, greater than 0% to 15% of an Al.sub.2O.sub.3 component, 20-50% of a GeO.sub.2 component and greater than 0% to 15% of a Bi.sub.2O.sub.3 component and/or a TeO.sub.2 component.

As a solid electrolyte used in a lithium ion secondary battery, it has not been possible to obtain a lithium ion conductor precursor glass and a lithium ion conductor in which crystallization progresses at low temperatures and which exhibit high ion conductivity. The present invention can obtain a lithium ion conductor precursor glass and a lithium ion conductor in which crystallization progresses even at low temperatures and which exhibit high ion conductivity by containing 10-35% of a Li.sub.2O component, 20-50% of a P.sub.2O.sub.5 component, greater than 0% to 15% of an Al.sub.2O.sub.3 component, 20-50% of a GeO.sub.2 component and greater than 0% to 15% of a Bi.sub.2O.sub.3 component and/or a TeO.sub.2 component.

Described herein is a method of smelting to form an inorganic fiber, the method comprising: a) introducing a silicomanganese slag and a smelting additive into a furnace, the smelting additive comprising biochar; b) smelting the silicomanganese slag in the presence of the smelting additive into a silicomanganese metal and a smelting byproduct; and c) flowing the smelting byproduct from the furnace from a first outlet to a fiber spinning apparatus; and step d) processing the smelting byproduct by the fiber spinning apparatus to form the inorganic fiber.

The present invention relates to process for producing a hot blended material of amorphous silicon dioxidecrystalline silicon dioxide (Hot Blending silicaPheniSilic) from materials containing silicon dioxide such as sand, cristobalite, crushed glass, waste rock powder/burrs from process of producing artificial stone, waste products and by-products from the exploitation and processing of natural quartz stone. The present invention also relates to artificial stone product produced by using base resins such as unsaturated polyester, epoxy, acrylic or combination thereof and reinforcement is the hot blended material of amorphous silicon dioxidecrystalline silicon dioxide wherein the artificial stone has a flexural strength40N/mm.sup.2, a water absorption0.05%, an impact resistance3J, as well as process for producing this artificial stone.

Methods and apparatuses recycle glass from used solar modules. Particular embodiments combine optical interrogation such as X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) with computer-controlled dispensing, in order to obtain refined glass having substantially uniform properties. Such glass properties can include but are not limited to one or more of: elemental content (e.g., Iron), optical transmittance, physical resilience (e.g., resistance to weather damage), and texturee.g., to assist in forming an anti-reflective coating (ARC) and/or encapsulant adhesion. Such optical interrogation is combined with computer-controlled dispensing that regulates the release of glass material through a gate, until one or more specific criterion are met.

The present invention provides a glass composition having high elastic modulus and improved formability and alkali resistance. In the glass composition of the present invention, contents of SiO.sub.2, Al.sub.2O.sub.3, B.sub.2O.sub.3, CaO, and T-Fe.sub.2O.sub.3 are 50 mass %SiO.sub.2+Al.sub.2O.sub.370 mass %, 0 mass %B.sub.2O.sub.310 mass %, 5 mass %CaO30 mass %, and 10 mass %<T-Fe.sub.2O.sub.3<16 mass %. A mass ratio calculated by Al.sub.2O.sub.3/(SiO.sub.2+Al.sub.2O.sub.3) is 0.05 or more and 0.40 or less, and a mass ratio calculated by MgO/(MgO+CaO) is 0.005 or more and 0.20 or less.

The present invention relates to a process for preparing a mineral melt in a cupola furnace that comprises a plasma torch that heats mineral material and waste or recycled mineral material to form the melt, wherein the waste or recycled mineral 5 material is introduced into the furnace through a waste inlet located in the side wall of the furnace hot zone.

The present invention relates to glassy solids which are obtainable by carbonation of a solid glassy precursor, said glassy precursor having a SiO.sub.2 content of at least 65 wt. %. The invention further relates to a mechanochemically carbonated glassy solid and methods of its production. The invention further relates to uses of the (mechanochemically carbonated) glassy solid, for example as a filler. The invention further relates to compositions comprising the (mechanochemically carbonated) glassy solid and a further material selected from the group consisting of asphalt, cement, geopolymer, polymers and combinations thereof. The invention further relates to a method of preparing concrete.

The present invention concerns a process for melting vitrifiable materials to produce flat glass, comprising the steps of (i) providing a furnace with a specific segmented design; (ii) charging the vitrifiable materials comprising raw materials and cullet in the melting tank with the inlet mean(s), the amount of cullet being at least 10% in weight of the total amount of vitrifiable materials and the raw materials comprising less than 25% in weight of carbonate compounds; (iii) melting the vitrifiable materials in said melting tank; (iv) fining melt in the fining tank by heating with the oxy-combustion heating means alimented with gas and/or hydrogen; (v) flowing the melt from the fining tank to a working zone trough the outlet mean; (vi) capturing CO.sub.2 from flue gas, said flue gas has a CO.sub.2 concentration of at least 35%; the electrical input fraction ranging from 30% to 85% and the step of capturing CO.sub.2 comprising step(s) of compression and/or dehydration.