The present invention discloses an antibacterial ceramic tile and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises applying an antibacterial protective glaze containing Ulan tea-quartz on the surface of a green body, and then firing to obtain an antibacterial ceramic tile. The mass percentage of Ulan tea-quartz to the antibacterial protective glaze is 35% to 45%. Controlling the mass percentage content of Ulan tea-quartz to the antibacterial protective glaze within the aforementioned range not only can achieve an excellent antibacterial property, but also avoids excessive glossiness, rough texture, or poor flatness of the ceramic glaze surface.

A composition for forming a heating element; a dried and sintered product thereof; and a method of preparing the composition for forming a heating element, the composition including a matrix particle, a composite filler, and a solvent, wherein the composite filler includes a core and a coating layer disposed on the core, the core includes a nanosheet filler, and the composition has a pH in a range of about 5 to about 9.

A method of fabricating a laminated glass panel assembly having inner and outer glass layers includes masking a designated area of the inner glass layer to define an index feature and printing a first blackout layer onto the inner glass layer such that the first blackout layer is not present on the index feature. The method may include unmasking the index feature after printing the first blackout layer, then printing a second blackout layer onto a major surface of the outer glass layer. The major surface overlaps or covers the index feature such that the index feature is not visible to a human observer through the outer glass layer, but is detectable through the outer glass layer using a controller and machine vision logic. A glass panel assembly having the index feature is also described herein, as is a system for making the glass panel assembly.

A vitreous frit comprising the following by weight percentage ranges: TABLE-US-00001 SiO.sub.2 40-60 Al.sub.2O.sub.3 5-20 Na.sub.2O 10-35 Li.sub.2O 0-6 CaO 0-10 SrO 0-5 BaO 0-5 CeO.sub.2 0-5 TiO.sub.2 0-9.

A vitreous frit comprising the following by weight percentage ranges: TABLE-US-00001 SiO.sub.2 40-60 Al.sub.2O.sub.3 5-20 Na.sub.2O 10-35 Li.sub.2O 0-6 CaO 0-10 SrO 0-5 BaO 0-5 CeO.sub.2 0-5 TiO.sub.2 0-9.

A method for producing a pane having an electrically conductive coating is described. The method includes applying an electrically conductive coating onto a substrate, identifying defects of the coating, focusing the radiation of a laser having an annular beam profile on the coating, wherein the annular beam profile surrounds the defect, and producing an annular de-coated region by simultaneously removing the coating in the region of the beam profile.

A method for producing a pane having an electrically conductive coating is described. The method includes applying an electrically conductive coating onto a substrate, identifying defects of the coating, focusing the radiation of a laser having an annular beam profile on the coating, wherein the annular beam profile surrounds the defect, and producing an annular de-coated region by simultaneously removing the coating in the region of the beam profile.

A feed-through, in particular a feed-through which passes through part of a housing, in particular a battery housing, for example made of metal, in particular light metal, for example aluminum, an aluminum alloy, AlSiC, magnesium, an magnesium alloy, titanium, a titanium alloy, steel, stainless steel or high-grade steel. The housing part has at least one opening through which at least one conductor, in particular an essentially pin-shaped conductor, embedded in a glass or glass ceramic material, is guided. The base body is, for example, an essentially annular-shaped base body and is hermetically sealed with the housing part such that the helium leakage rate is smaller than 1*10.sup.8 mbar l/sec.

A feed-through, in particular a feed-through which passes through part of a housing, in particular a battery housing, for example made of metal, in particular light metal, for example aluminum, an aluminum alloy, AlSiC, magnesium, an magnesium alloy, titanium, a titanium alloy, steel, stainless steel or high-grade steel. The housing part has at least one opening through which at least one conductor, in particular an essentially pin-shaped conductor, embedded in a glass or glass ceramic material, is guided. The base body is, for example, an essentially annular-shaped base body and is hermetically sealed with the housing part such that the helium leakage rate is smaller than 1*10.sup.8 mbar l/sec.

A method of fabricating a laminated glass panel assembly having inner and outer glass layers includes masking a designated area of the inner glass layer to define an index feature and printing a first blackout layer onto the inner glass layer such that the first blackout layer is not present on the index feature. The method may include unmasking the index feature after printing the first blackout layer, then printing a second blackout layer onto a major surface of the outer glass layer. The major surface overlaps or covers the index feature such that the index feature is not visible to a human observer through the outer glass layer, but is detectable through the outer glass layer using a controller and machine vision logic. A glass panel assembly having the index feature is also described herein, as is a system for making the glass panel assembly.