The invention relates to infrared devices, which contain at least two optical elements that are bonded together by a low-temperature melting glass which possesses transparency in the infrared spectrum, and methods of preparation and use of said infrared devices.

The invention discloses an all-aluminum back surface field aluminum paste for a crystalline silicon solar cell and a preparation method thereof. The all-aluminum back surface field paste mainly comprises 60-70% aluminum powder, 5-10% nanometer metal oily solution, 1-10% inorganic binder, 10-20% organic binder, 5-30% organic solvent and 1-5% accessory ingredient. According to the aluminum paste prepared by the present invention, the back surface preparing process of an all-aluminum back surface field can be implemented preferably; moreover, the paste has great adhesive force, is easy to be better adhered to silver paste printed afterwards; meanwhile, the paste can be in good contact with a silicon chip through the nanometer metal oily solution added into the paste, the aluminum back surface is prevented from falling off, and good ohm contact can be formed, so that the photoelectric conversion efficiency is increased, and the economic benefits of enterprises are increased.

A process for the production of an article of glass with an applied electrically conductive grid comprising: a) applying a conductive paste to a glass substrate; b) firing the paste to form the electrically conductive grid; and c) soldering an electrical connector to the electrically conductive grid via a lead-free solder; wherein the conductive paste comprises finely divided particles of a conductive metal, particles of glass frit, and an organic medium; and wherein the particles of the glass fit have a particle size D.sub.90 of less than 4 microns.

A glass composition includes a glass frit and an electrostatic force reinforcing material including polymethylhydrosiloxane derivatives. The electrostatic force reinforcing material is represented by the following Formula.

##STR00001##

A colored glass sheet of aluminosilicate composition chemically strengthened by ion exchange, includes the following oxides in the weight content ranges defined below: SiO.sub.2 between 59.20 and 68.00%; Al.sub.2O.sub.3 between 2.00 and 8.00%; MgO between 6.00 and 9.00% when the Al.sub.2O.sub.3 content is between 5.00 and 8.00% and when the SiO.sub.2/Al.sub.2O.sub.3 ratio is greater than or equal to 7.8 or between 8.00 and 10.00% when the Al.sub.2O.sub.3 content is between 2.00 and 5.00% and when the SiO.sub.2/Al.sub.2O.sub.3 ratio is greater than or equal to 24; Na.sub.2O between 9.00 and 16.00%; K.sub.2O between 5.00 and 11.00%; B.sub.2O.sub.3 between 0 and 3.00%; CaO between 0 and 1.00%; and the following coloring agents in the weight content ranges defined below: Fe.sub.2O.sub.3 total between 0.05 and 6.00%; CoO between 0 and 2.00%; NiO between 0 and 1.00%; Se between 0 and 0.10%, and the glass having a redox factor of between 0.10 and 0.65.

The present invention relates to a glass, in particular a glass for the joining of glass panes for the production of vacuum insulating glasses at processing temperatures 420 C., to the corresponding composite glass, and to the corresponding glass paste. Moreover, the present invention relates to a vacuum insulating glass produced using the glass paste according to the invention, to the production process thereof, and to the use of the inventive glass and/or composite glass, and glass paste. The glass according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises the following components, in units of mol-%: V.sub.2O.sub.5 5-58 mol-%, TeO.sub.2 40-90 mol-%, and at least one oxide selected from ZnO 38-52 mol-%, or Al.sub.2O.sub.3 1-25 mol %, or MoO.sub.3 1-10 mol-%, or WO.sub.3 1-10 mol-%, or a combination thereof.

Certain example embodiments relate to seals for glass articles. Certain example embodiments relate to a composition used for sealing an insulted glass unit. In certain example embodiments the composition includes vanadium oxide, barium oxide, zinc oxide, and at least one additional additive. For instance, another additive that is a different metal oxide or different metal chloride may be provided. In certain example embodiments, a composition may be combined with a binder solution that substantially or completely burns out by the time the composition is melted. In certain example embodiments, a CTE filler is included with a frit material. In certain example embodiments, a vacuum insulated glass unit includes first and second glass substrates that are sealed together with a seal that includes the above-described composition.

Certain example embodiments relate to seals for glass articles. Certain example embodiments relate to a composition used for sealing an insulted glass unit. In certain example embodiments the composition includes vanadium oxide, barium oxide, zinc oxide, and at least one additional additive. For instance, another additive that is a different metal oxide or different metal chloride may be provided. In certain example embodiments, a composition may be combined with a binder solution that substantially or completely burns out by the time the composition is melted. In certain example embodiments, a vacuum insulated glass unit includes first and second glass substrates that are sealed together with a seal that includes the above-described composition.

A coating composition, a coating glass, a method for preparing a coating composition, and cooking appliances using a coating composition. More specifically, the coating composition may include 20 to 40% by weight of Phosphorus Pentoxide (P.sub.2O.sub.5), 10 to 25% by weight of 10 to 25% by weight of Aluminum Oxide (Al.sub.2O.sub.3), 1 to 5% by weight of Zirconium Dioxide (ZrO.sub.2), 10 to 30% by weight of at least one of Sodium Oxide (Na.sub.2O) and Potassium Oxide (K.sub.2O), 5 to 20% by weight of Boric Oxide (B.sub.2O.sub.3), 5 to 15% by weight of Zinc Oxide (ZnO), and 3 to 10% by weight of Silicon Dioxide (SiO.sub.2). Thus, the coating composition has high light transmittance, and excellent cleaning performance.

The invention is in the field of vitreous enamel coatings, more particularly vitreous enamel coatings for steels. The invention provides a process for obtaining adhering light-coloured coatings in a single layer system, hereinafter referred to as Pyro Light coatings, that can be applied to the steel by powder electrostatic spraying.