Described herein is a composition for use in a device for generating an inhalable medium, the composition comprising (i) 50-85% by weight of air-cured and/or fire-cured tobacco (ii) 0-50% by weight of flue-cured and/or sun-cured tobacco that has not been subjected to any further treatment which affects the flavor properties of tobacco, and (iii) 0-50% by weight of flue-cured and/or sun-cured tobacco that has been further treated to enhance the flavor properties of tobacco.

A plant cell comprising: (a) a polynucleotide sequence encoding a nitrate reductase polypeptide comprising a contiguous polypeptide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5 or SEQ ID NO: 7, wherein methionine is substituted for an amino acid that reduces nitrate reductase activity in the plant cell as compared to a control plant cell; (b) a polypeptide sequence encoded by the polynucleotide sequence set forth in (a); or (c) a construct, vector or expression vector comprising the polynucleotide sequence set forth in (b).

A composition that includes vitamin A (e.g., retinol) and vitamin E (e.g., gamma-tocopherol), suitable for at least one of pulmonary administration, aerosolization, and intranasal administration. The composition can further include a pharmaceutically acceptable solid or liquid carrier. The composition can be in a unit dosage form or a metered dosage form and can be configured for pulmonary or intranasal administration. Also included are nutritional supplements, intranasal sprays, pulmonary sprays, pulmonary powders, cigarettes, and/or electronic cigarettes, each including the composition. Also included are methods of administering the composition to a human, e.g., within the oral cavity or within the respiratory system.

The present disclosure provides composition and methods for manipulating alkaloid or nicotine levels in tobacco plants. Also provided are the identification and genetic engineering of target genes (e.g., arginine decarboxylase (ADC), aspartate oxidase (AO), or ornithine decarboxylase (ODC)) for producing tobacco plants with altered total alkaloid and nicotine levels and commercially acceptable leaf grade, their development via breeding or transgenic approaches, and production of tobacco products from these tobacco plants.

The present disclosure provides composition and methods for manipulating alkaloid or nicotine levels in tobacco plants. Also provided are the identification and genetic engineering of target genes (e.g., arginine decarboxylase (ADC), aspartate oxidase (AO), or ornithine decarboxylase (ODC)) for producing tobacco plants with altered total alkaloid and nicotine levels and commercially acceptable leaf grade, their development via breeding or transgenic approaches, and production of tobacco products from these tobacco plants.

Disclosed are methods and compositions for preparing tobacco such that components of tobacco tar are reduced, while maintaining the total tar delivery of a composition or device containing tobacco treated with one or more natural tar diluents. Artificial tar diluents can also be used in combination with one more natural tar diluents. The tobacco compositions have decreased levels of tobacco specific nitrosamines and/or other components found in tar when the composition is smoked, while maintaining the total tar delivery of the smoking article, such as a cigarette, when using a tar diluent at a level sufficient to achieve desired taste qualities.

The present invention addresses the problem of providing an oral composition in which moisture absorption is suppressed and that is excellent in storage stability. The oral composition contains nicotine and trehalose, wherein the content of trehalose is from 21 to 99 wt %.

Provided herein is a composition for use in a device for generating an inhalable medium, the composition including (a) 20-40% by weight of air-cured and/or fire-cured tobacco, (b) 0-35% by weight of flue-cured and/or sun-cured tobacco that has not been subjected to any further treatment which affects the flavor properties of tobacco, and (c) 25-80% by weight of flue-cured and/or sun-cured tobacco that has been further treated to enhance the flavor properties of tobacco.

Provided are an aerosol generating article and an aerosol generating system using the same. The aerosol generating article includes a first portion containing a mouthpiece portion; and a second portion that is arranged adjacent to the first portion and includes a capsule, wherein the capsule includes a core region, a first shell, and a second shell, and the core region of the capsule includes nicotine and an aerosol generating material.

Described herein is a composition for use in a device for generating an inhalable medium, the composition comprising (i) 50-85% by weight of air-cured and/or fire-cured tobacco (ii) 0-50% by weight of flue-cured and/or sun-cured tobacco that has not been subjected to any further treatment which affects the flavor properties of tobacco, and (iii) 0-50% by weight of flue-cured and/or sun-cured tobacco that has been further treated to enhance the flavor properties of tobacco.