Systems and methods associated with biomass decomposition are generally described. Certain embodiments are related to adjusting a flow rate of a fluid comprising oxygen into a reactor in which biomass is decomposed. The adjustment may be made, at least in part, based upon a measurement of a characteristic of the reactor and/or a characteristic of the biomass. Certain embodiments are related to cooling at least partially decomposed biomass. The biomass may be cooled by flowing a gas over an outlet conduit in which the biomass is cooled, and then directing the gas to a reactor after it has flowed over the outlet conduit. Certain embodiments are related to systems comprising a reactor and an outlet conduit configured such that greater than or equal to 75% of its axially projected cross-sectional area is occupied by a conveyor. Certain embodiments are related to systems comprising a reactor comprising an elongated compartment having a longitudinal axis arranged substantially vertically and an outlet conduit comprising a conveyor.

A system and a method for reducing emission of greenhouse gasses is provided, in particular at least one of methane, laughing gas, nitrogen oxides, and ammonia from slurry stored in one or more slurry storage tanks. The method includes continuously maintaining slurry stored in a slurry storage tank under acidic conditions. The method includes the steps of: A: monitoring pH in the slurry present in the slurry storage tank by one or more pH sensors arranged in contact with the slurry in the slurry storage, B: checking if the detected pH exceeds above an upper threshold, such as an upper threshold set at pH=7, C: activate acid addition when the monitored pH exceeds the upper threshold, D: while stirring, adding acid until pH in the slurry is adjusted to within a range between the upper threshold and a lower threshold, such as between pH=2 and pH=7, in particular between pH=5 to pH=7, or more preferred pH=5 and pH=6, and repeating steps C-D when the detected pH of step A exceeds the upper threshold.

The present invention is related to an anaerobic photobioreactor and a method for active biomass cultivation, wastewater treatment, nutrients recovery, energy production and high-value products synthesis. Phototrophic bacteria are cultured in the anaerobic photobioreactor lighted with solar or artificial irradiation where certain light wavelengths are selectively discarded with a light selector installed on the top of the photobioreactor. In this light-based process wastewater treatment and resources recovery, like nutrients and high-value bioproducts (fertilizers, polymers and proteins) present in wastewater are performed simultaneously. Cultured biomass is treated by anaerobic digestion for biofuel production, including optative hydrolytic pre-treatment, and/or valuable bioproducts can be obtained in a downstream process.

A biosolids treatment system that treats human biosolids to produce thermal energy for self-consumption for the production of beneficial use products including low carbon ash, high carbon activated biochar, and Class A biosolids. The system includes a variable feed conveyor that conveys a biosolid feed into a dryer; a dryer that dries the biosolid feed to a predetermined moisture content to create one of a beneficial use products, where the predetermined moisture content is controlled by varying the speed of variable feed conveyors and a variable feed mixer; and a gasifier that converts the biosolid feed into two of the beneficial use products.

According to present disclosure, there is disclosed an algae growth and cultivation system that provides a cost-efficient means of producing algae biomass as feedstock for algae-based products, such as, fertilizer, feed, biofuel manufacture, and desirably impacts, nutrient recovery from waste streams for valued byproducts production, recycle water, and alternative/renewable energy production. The system as discussed herein is an integrated systems approach to wastewater treatment, algal strains selection for byproducts production, and recycle of algal biomass-processing waste or additional algae harvested as feedstock for products such as fertilizer production. Embodiments of a system as discussed herein present an economically viable algae production system and process that allows algae-derived products such as fertilizer, feed, biofuels, etc. to compete with non-organic or petroleum products in the marketplace.

The present invention relates to a method of treating sludge containing phosphorus, ammonia and magnesium and enhancing the dewaterability of the sludge. The sludge is directed into a biological fermenter operated under anaerobic conditions. By controlling the temperature of the sludge in the fermenter or the hydraulic retention time of the sludge in the fermenter, phosphorus, ammonia and magnesium is released from the solids in the sludge into a liquid forming a part of the sludge. Sludge from the fermenter is subjected to a solids-liquid separation process that produces a concentrated sludge and a liquid. The concentrated sludge or separated solids is directed to a thermal hydrolysis reactor that thermally hydrolyzes the concentrated sludge. After thermally hydrolyzing the concentrated sludge, the concentrated sludge is directed to an anaerobic digester that anaerobically digests the concentrated sludge.

A system and method for preparing a microbial supplement, and applying the supplement to plants, trees and other items to promote their growth. The supplement comprises seawater, including microbes that naturally exist in seawater. Seawater is harvested containing microbes in an inactive or dormant state. The seawater undergoes a filtration, mineralization and oxygenation process to reduce sodium chloride levels, to increase the levels of desirable minerals in the seawater and to oxygenate the seawater to keep the microbes alive, though in a dormant or inactive state. The microbes are maintained in an inactive or dormant state through the preparation process, but become active when the supplement is applied to plants or trees, thereby promoting agricultural growth.

A system and method for preparing a microbial supplement, and applying the supplement to plants, trees and other items to promote their growth. The supplement comprises seawater, including microbes that naturally exist in seawater. Seawater is harvested containing microbes in an inactive or dormant state. The seawater undergoes a filtration, mineralization and oxygenation process to reduce sodium chloride levels, to increase the levels of desirable minerals in the seawater and to oxygenate the seawater to keep the microbes alive, though in a dormant or inactive state. The microbes are maintained in an inactive or dormant state through the preparation process, but become active when the supplement is applied to plants or trees, thereby promoting agricultural growth.

A graphene preparation method includes steps of: thoroughly mixing flake graphite powder with a intercalating agent through electrically string, then adding a reagent solution into a mixture of the flake graphite powder and the intercalating agent and thoroughly stirring for acting, so as to obtain no more than five layers of graphene; wherein the flake graphite powder, the intercalating agent and the reagent solution form a coexistence state of the three electronic phases; electronic phase resonance is induced among the materials, releasing a large amount of energy in the form of vibration and heat across interfaces between layers of carbon atoms, resulting in exfoliation of graphene. The thorough permeation of the intercalating agent ensures the electronic phase resonance can be induced in most layer interfaces, achieving few layer graphene which is equivalent to 5 layers or less.

A graphene preparation method includes steps of: thoroughly mixing flake graphite powder with a intercalating agent through electrically string, then adding a reagent solution into a mixture of the flake graphite powder and the intercalating agent and thoroughly stirring for acting, so as to obtain no more than five layers of graphene; wherein the flake graphite powder, the intercalating agent and the reagent solution form a coexistence state of the three electronic phases; electronic phase resonance is induced among the materials, releasing a large amount of energy in the form of vibration and heat across interfaces between layers of carbon atoms, resulting in exfoliation of graphene. The thorough permeation of the intercalating agent ensures the electronic phase resonance can be induced in most layer interfaces, achieving few layer graphene which is equivalent to 5 layers or less.