There is disclosed a mutant, non-naturally occurring or transgenic plant cell comprising: (i) a polynucleotide comprising, consisting or consisting essentially of a sequence encoding a threonine synthase and having at least 90% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:1, SEQ ID NO:2 or SEQ ID NO:3 or at least 87% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:4, or SEQ ID NO:5; (ii) a polypeptide encoded by any one of said polynucleotides set forth in (i); or (iii) a polypeptide having at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:6, SEQ ID NO:7 or SEQ ID NO:8; or (iv) a construct, vector or expression vector comprising the polynucleotide as set forth in (i).

Provided is a compound of Formula (I):

##STR00001## wherein the variable groups are defined herein.

The present invention relates to processes for the preparation of N-protected 4-((2S,5R)-5-((benzyloxy)amino)piperidine-2-carboxamido)piperidine-1-carboxylates. Such compounds have application in the preparation of beta-lactamase inhibitors such as 7-oxo-1,6-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octane-2-carboxamides and esters, in particular, the beta lactamase inhibitor, (2S,5R)-7-oxo-N-piperidin-4-yl-6-(sulfoxy)-1,6-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octane-2-carboxamide. The present invention also encompasses intermediates useful in the disclosed processes and methods for their preparation.

The present invention relates to processes for the preparation of N-protected 4-((2S,5R)-5-((benzyloxy)amino)piperidine-2-carboxamido)piperidine-1-carboxylates. Such compounds have application in the preparation of beta-lactamase inhibitors such as 7-oxo-1,6-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octane-2-carboxamides and esters, in particular, the beta lactamase inhibitor, (2S,5R)-7-oxo-N-piperidin-4-yl-6-(sulfoxy)-1,6-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octane-2-carboxamide. The present invention also encompasses intermediates useful in the disclosed processes and methods for their preparation.

Novel compounds of formula (II) are disclosed. Compounds of formula (II) comprise ornithine derivatives or compounds that may metabolize to ornithine. Also disclosed are methods for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's Disease using compounds of formula (II). ##STR00001##

Novel compounds of formula (II) are disclosed. Compounds of formula (II) comprise ornithine derivatives or compounds that may metabolize to ornithine. Also disclosed are methods for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's Disease using compounds of formula (II). ##STR00001##

Compounds of formula (I) include: X is CH or N, preferably CH; n is 1-5, preferably 1-2; m is 0-5, preferably 1-2; and, when m is 2-5, two of the R.sup.2 radicals taken together with two adjacent carbons of the benzene ring can form a 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic ring fused with the benzene ring. Compounds of formula (I) are heme-regulated inhibitor (HRI) activators and useful for prevention or treatment of cardiometabolic diseases such as metabolic syndrome, obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, steatosis, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, hypertension, dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis, and heart disease.

Compounds of formula (I) include: X is CH or N, preferably CH; n is 1-5, preferably 1-2; m is 0-5, preferably 1-2; and, when m is 2-5, two of the R.sup.2 radicals taken together with two adjacent carbons of the benzene ring can form a 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic ring fused with the benzene ring. Compounds of formula (I) are heme-regulated inhibitor (HRI) activators and useful for prevention or treatment of cardiometabolic diseases such as metabolic syndrome, obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, steatosis, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, hypertension, dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis, and heart disease.

The invention relates to a compound of the general formula (I) N.sub.3O.sub.2SAr-L-ArSO.sub.2N.sub.3, wherein: Ar and Ar are aromatic building blocks; and L is a linking group comprising at least one heteroatom as well as an organic chain denoted as Sp and having at least two carbon atoms. The invention also relates to a compound of the general formula (II) wherein: Ar and Ar are aromatic building blocks; L is a covalent bond or a linking group; m and n are both 0 or 1, at least one of m and n being 1; Sp and Sp are organic chains having at least two carbon atoms. The invention also relates to the use of these compounds as cross linking agents in the manufacture of polymers.

The invention relates to a compound of the general formula (I) N.sub.3O.sub.2SAr-L-ArSO.sub.2N.sub.3, wherein: Ar and Ar are aromatic building blocks; and L is a linking group comprising at least one heteroatom as well as an organic chain denoted as Sp and having at least two carbon atoms. The invention also relates to a compound of the general formula (II) wherein: Ar and Ar are aromatic building blocks; L is a covalent bond or a linking group; m and n are both 0 or 1, at least one of m and n being 1; Sp and Sp are organic chains having at least two carbon atoms. The invention also relates to the use of these compounds as cross linking agents in the manufacture of polymers.