A process for manufacturing crystals of 1,4:3,6-dianhydrohexitols, by manufacturing a solution of an internal dehydration product of at least one hexitol, distilling the solution, crystallizing, and wherein the crystallization mother liquors undergo a step of evaporative crystallization. Unlike the prior art processes that seek to recycle the crystallization mother liquors, evaporative crystallization economically and efficiently replaces the succession of steps consisting of at least one concentration, then at least one step of purification by distillation, chromatography, or crystallization.

The present invention relates to medical chemistry technique field, particularly relates to a preparation method for amorphous darunavir crystal, ##STR00001## The present invention provides a preparation method for preparing amorphous form of darunavir using an anti-solvent method. It can be a different method compared to the evaporation and concentration process disclosed in WO2011048604. Although the same with WO2013114382, anti-solvent are used, the target crystal form are truly different. The crystal form of WO2013114382 is solvent-free darunavir crystal, while an amorphous form of darunavir in the present application.

The present specification provides a heterocyclic compound represented by Chemical Formula 1, an organic light emitting device comprising the same, a composition for an organic material layer of an organic light emitting device, and a method for manufacturing an organic light emitting device.

The present specification provides a heterocyclic compound represented by Chemical Formula 1, an organic light emitting device comprising the same, a composition for an organic material layer of an organic light emitting device, and a method for manufacturing an organic light emitting device.

The present invention relates to endophytes, in particular endophytes associated with plants of the Brachiaria-Urochloa species complex, plants infected with the endophytes, products produced by the endophytes, and related methods.

The present invention relates to a compound for an organic optoelectronic device, represented by Chemical Formula 1; a composition for an organic optoelectronic device, including same; an organic optoelectronic device; and a display device. The description of Chemical Formula 1 is the same as that defined in the specification.

The present invention relates to a compound for an organic optoelectronic device, represented by Chemical Formula 1; a composition for an organic optoelectronic device, including same; an organic optoelectronic device; and a display device. The description of Chemical Formula 1 is the same as that defined in the specification.

A method for acid-catalyzed acylation of an isohexide is described. The method involves a reaction of an isohexide and an excess of carboxylic acid in the presence of a Lewis acid or a Brnsted acid catalyst. One or more Lewis acid or Brnsted acid can facilitate conversion of isohexides to their corresponding mono and diesters with a pronounced greater regio-selectivity of exo-OH over endo-OH of the isohexide in the product. Particular catalytic acid species include zirconium chloride (ZrCl.sub.4) and phosphonic acid (H.sub.3PO.sub.3), which manifest a ratio of exo:endo regioselectivity of about 5.03:1 and about 4.00.3:1, respectively.

Methods for the extraction of intracellular contents from biomass, in particular from algae, are described. The pH level of the algae cell culture is modified and mixed with a surfactant or a combination of surfactants. The algal culture may be subjected to low pressurization using air, inert gas or a gas mixture. Separation of the lipid contents from the treated algae culture is accomplished with an organic solvent or a mixture of organic solvents. The algal debris may be collected at the bottom of the aqueous phase while the biomass is concentrated in the solvent layer.

The present disclosure relates to an emitting compound and organic light emitting device including the same, and more specifically, relates to an emitting compound of following and an organic light emitting diode and an organic light emitting device each including the emitting compound. ##STR00001##