In one aspect, phosphine compounds comprising three adamantyl moieties (PAd.sub.3) and associated synthetic routes are described herein. Each adamantyl moiety may be the same or different. For example, each adamantyl moiety (Ad) attached to the phosphorus atom can be independently selected from the group consisting of adamantane, diamantane, triamantane and derivatives thereof. Transition metal complexes comprising PAd.sub.3 ligands are also provided for catalytic synthesis including catalytic cross-coupling reactions.

Flow batteries can include a first half-cell containing a first aqueous electrolyte solution. a second half-cell containing a second aqueous electrolyte solution, and a separator disposed between the first half-cell and the second half-cell, The first aqueous electrolyte solution contains a first redox-active material, and the second aqueous electrolyte solution contains a second redox-active material. At least one of the first redox-active material and the second redox-active material is a nitroxide compound or a salt thereof. Particular nitroxide compounds can include a doubly bonded oxygen contained in a ring bearing the nitroxide group, a doubly bonded oxygen appended to a ring bearing the nitroxide group, sulfate or phosphate groups appended to a ring bearing the nitroxide group, various heterocyclic rings bearing the nitroxide group, or acyclic nitroxide compounds.

The present disclosure is directed to a silicon-terminated organo-metal composition comprising a compound of formula (I). Embodiments relate to a process for preparing the silicon-terminated organo-metal composition comprising the compound of formula (I), the process comprising combining starting materials comprising (A) a vinyl-terminated silicon-based compound, (B) a chain shuttling agent, (C) a procatalyst, and (D) an activator, thereby obtaining a product comprising the silicon-terminated organo-metal composition. In further embodiments, the starting materials of the process may further comprise (E) a solvent and/or (F) a scavenger.

Fouling in a hydrocarbon refining process is reduced by adding to a crude hydrocarbon for a refining process, an additive combination including: (A) a polyalkenyl-substituted carboxylic acid or anhydride, and (B) an overbased metal hydrocarbyl-substituted hydroxybenzoate detergent,
where the mass:mass ratio of (A) to (B) is in the range of 10:1 to 1:10, and the treat rate of the additive combination is in the range of 5 to 1000 ppm by mass.

A MOF production system and method of making are detailed for continuous and controlled synthesis of MOFs and MOF composites. The system can provide optimized yields of MOFs and MOF composites greater than or equal to 95%.

Monomeric bimetal hydroxycitric acid (HCA) compounds are provided. The subject compounds include a divalent metal (X) bonded to the carboxylic acids of C2 and C3 and a monovalent metal (Y) bonded to the carboxylic acid of C1. Also provided are methods of preparing the subject compounds from a dimeric starting material (e.g., X.sub.3(HCA).sub.2) which include acidifying the dimer to produce a monomeric intermediate which is subsequently neutralized with YOH base. Methods of alleviating at least one symptom associated with a target disease or condition in a subject are provided. Also provided are compositions including the subject monomeric bimetal HCA compounds which find use in a variety of therapeutic applications.

The present application discloses the first rare-earth-free metal organic framework (MOF) yellow phosphors that can be effectively excited by blue light and assembled in a white light emission (WLED) device with a blue chip. The compounds of the present invention exhibit significantly enhanced emission intensity compared to the constituent ligand and high quantum yield and high thermal and moisture stability and photoluminescence. The invention also includes light emitting devices comprising any of these MOF yellow phosphors and methods of preparing these compounds and devices.

Methods and systems are provided for continuous-flow production of radioisotopes with high specific activity. Radioisotopes with high specific activity produced according to the methods described are also provided. The methods can include causing a liquid capture matrix to contact a target containing a target nuclide; irradiating the target with radiation, ionizing radiation, particles, or a combination thereof to produce the radionuclides that are ejected from the target and into the capture matrix; and causing the liquid capture matrix containing the radionuclides to flow from the target to recover the capture matrix containing the radionuclides with high specific activity. The methods are suitable for the production of a variety of radionuclides. For example, in some aspects the target nuclide is .sup.237Np, and the radionuclide is .sup.238Np that decays to produce .sup.238Pu. In other aspects, the target nuclide is .sup.98Mo, and the radionuclide is Mo that decays to produce .sup.99mTc.

Methods and systems are provided for continuous-flow production of radioisotopes with high specific activity. Radioisotopes with high specific activity produced according to the methods described are also provided. The methods can include causing a liquid capture matrix to contact a target containing a target nuclide; irradiating the target with radiation, ionizing radiation, particles, or a combination thereof to produce the radionuclides that are ejected from the target and into the capture matrix; and causing the liquid capture matrix containing the radionuclides to flow from the target to recover the capture matrix containing the radionuclides with high specific activity. The methods are suitable for the production of a variety of radionuclides. For example, in some aspects the target nuclide is .sup.237Np, and the radionuclide is .sup.238Np that decays to produce .sup.238Pu. In other aspects, the target nuclide is .sup.98Mo, and the radionuclide is Mo that decays to produce .sup.99mTc.

A core/shell semiconductor nanoparticle structure comprises a core comprising a halide perovskite semiconductor and a shell comprising a semiconductor material that is not a halide perovskite (and that is substantially free of halide perovskites). The halide perovskite semiconductor core may be of the form AMX.sub.3, wherein: A is an organic ammonium such as CH.sub.3NH.sub.3.sup.+, (C.sub.8H.sub.17).sub.2(CH.sub.3NH.sub.3).sup.+, PhC.sub.2H.sub.4NH.sub.3.sup.+, C.sub.6H.sub.11CH.sub.2NH.sub.3.sup.+ or 1-adamantyl methyl ammonium, an amidinium such as CH(NH.sub.2).sub.2.sup.+, or an alkali metal cation such as Li.sup.+, Na.sup.+, K.sup.+, Rb.sup.+ or Cs.sup.+; M is a divalent metal cation such as Mg.sup.2+, Mn.sup.2+, Ni.sup.2+, Co.sup.2+, Pb.sup.2+, Sn.sup.2+, Zn.sup.2+, Ge.sup.2+, Eu.sup.2+, Cu.sup.2+ or Cd.sup.2+; and X is a halide anion (F.sup., Cl.sup., Br.sup., I.sup.) or a combination of halide anions.