Provided are biodegradable, flexible, lightweight composites with efficient energy storage and methods for producing the same. Said composites comprise a conductive polymer, a secondary dopant, and a structural component.

A hydrogel that exhibits excellent water absorbency even when dried, and has flexibility, shape stability, and shape retention properties, and a method for producing the hydrogel. A hydrogel comprising a water-soluble organic polymer, a silicate, a dispersant for the silicate, and a water-absorbing polymer. A method for producing a hydrogel including a formation step of forming a hydrogel comprising a water-soluble organic polymer, a silicate, a dispersant for the silicate, a water-absorbing polymer, and at least one solvent selected from the group having water and a water-soluble organic solvent, and as an optical step, a solvent removal step of removing a portion of the solvent in the hydrogel.

A prepreg sheet (1) is formed by stacking a plurality of unit layers (10a, 10b) In the unit layers (10a, 10b), prepreg tapes (100), in which a reinforced fiber bundle is impregnated with a thermosetting matrix resin composition, are disposed in rows a plurality of times. One or more of the unit layers (10a, 10b) has a gap (G) between adjacent prepreg tapes (100), and the width thereof is 10% or less of the width of the narrower of the adjacent prepreg tapes (100).

Copolymers having thiophene based and vinylene based moieties. Methods of producing the copolymers, and methods of utilizing the copolymers as chromogenic sensors for selective detection of iodide anion are also provided.

Copolymers having thiophene based and vinylene based moieties. Methods of producing the copolymers, and methods of utilizing the copolymers as chromogenic sensors for selective detection of iodide anion are also provided.

A polyarylene sulfide resin composition that including a polyarylene sulfide having a carboxyl group content of not less than 60 ?mol/g; and a glass fiber. Provided is a polyarylene sulfide resin composition that has excellent mechanical strength, particularly weld strength, generates less burrs, and has excellent adhesiveness to an epoxy resin. Also disclosed are articles made from such compositions as well as methods of making the compositions and article made therefrom.

A method of fabricating a composite membrane, includes the steps of: forming a first solution comprising a charged polymer and a first uncharged polymer having a repeat unit of a formula of: ##STR00001##
where each of X and Y is a non-hydroxyl group; forming a second solution comprising a second uncharged polymer; electrospinning, separately and simultaneously, the first solution and the second solution to form a dual fiber mat; and processing the dual fiber mat to form the composite membrane.

Provided are biodegradable, flexible, lightweight composites with efficient energy storage and methods for producing the same. Said composites comprise a conductive polymer, a secondary dopant, and a structural component.

Multi-acid polymers for use as a fuel cell membrane, for example, have multi-acid monomers that have an imide base and more than two proton conducting groups. The multi-acid polymers are made by reacting a polymer precursor in sulfonyl fluoride or sulfonyl chloride form with a compound with an acid giving group. One example of a multi-acid polymer is: ##STR00001##
wherein R is one or more units of a non-SO.sub.2F or non-SO.sub.2Cl portion of a polymer precursor in sulfonyl fluoride or sulfonyl chloride form.

To provide a simple method whereby an ionic polymer membrane having a high ion exchange capacity and a low water uptake can be produced by converting a SO.sub.2F group in a polymer to a pendant group having multiple ion exchange groups, while preventing a cross-linking reaction. At the time of obtaining an ionic polymer membrane by converting SO.sub.2F (group (1)) in a polymer sequentially to SO.sub.2NZ.sup.1Z.sup.2 (group (2)), SO.sub.2N.sup.(M.sub..sup.+)SO.sub.2(CF.sub.2).sub.2SO.sub.2F (group (3)), SO.sub.2N.sup.(H.sup.+)SO.sub.2(CF.sub.2).sub.2SO.sub.2F (group (4)) and SO.sub.2N.sup.(M.sub..sup.+)SO.sub.2(CF.sub.2).sub.2SO.sub.3.sup.M.sub..sup.+ (group (5)), the polymer is formed into a polymer membrane in the state of any one of the groups (1) to (4), and the polymer membrane is thermally treated in the state of group (4). Here, Z.sup.1 and Z.sup.2 are hydrogen atoms, etc., M.sub..sup.+ is a monovalent cation, and M.sub..sup.+ is a hydrogen ion or a monovalent cation.