A system is provided comprising an optical filter. The optical filter comprises a Cu-porphyrin dye compound. The transmission spectrum of the system has an average transmission across the wavelength range of 460 nm-700 nm of at least 60%. The transmission spectrum of the system has an average transmission across the wavelength range 400 nm-460 nm that is less than 75%.

A system is provided comprising an optical filter. The optical filter comprises a Cu-porphyrin dye compound. The transmission spectrum of the system has an average transmission across the wavelength range of 460 nm-700 nm of at least 60%. The transmission spectrum of the system has an average transmission across the wavelength range 400 nm-460 nm that is less than 75%.

An electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a support and a photosensitive layer in this order. The photosensitive layer contains a chlorogallium phthalocyanine crystal obtained by mixing a hydroxygallium phthalocyanine crystal and an aqueous hydrochloric acid solution.

A color filter comprises a red color filter, a green color filter, and a blue color filter, wherein the green color filter comprises a cyan pigment satisfying the following equation: $\frac{A2}{A1}=0$
where A1 denotes the absorbance of the cyan pigment in a wavelength range of about 600 nm to about 700 nm and A2 denotes the absorbance of the cyan pigment in a wavelength range of about 450 nm to about 500 nm.

A color filter comprises a red color filter, a green color filter, and a blue color filter, wherein the green color filter comprises a cyan pigment satisfying the following equation: $\frac{A2}{A1}=0$
where A1 denotes the absorbance of the cyan pigment in a wavelength range of about 600 nm to about 700 nm and A2 denotes the absorbance of the cyan pigment in a wavelength range of about 450 nm to about 500 nm.

An electro-polarizable compound has the following general formula: ##STR00001##
Core1 is an aromatic polycyclic conjugated molecule having two-dimensional flat form and self-assembling by pi-pi stacking in a column-like supramolecule, R1 is a dopant group connected to Core1; a number m of R1 groups is 1, 2, 3 or 4. R2 is a substituent comprising one or more ionic groups connected to Core1; a number p of ionic groups R2 is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4. The fragment marked NLE has a nonlinear polarization effect. Core2 is an electro-conductive oligomer self-assembling by pi-pi stacking in a column-like supramolecule, a number n of such oligomers is 0, 2, or 4. R3 is a substituent comprising one or more ionic groups connected to Core2; a number s of the ionic groups R3 is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4. R4 is a resistive substituent providing solubility of the compound in a solvent and electrically insulating the column-like supramolecules from each other. A number k of substituents R4 is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8.

A method of making a bacteriochlorin is carried out by condensing a pair of compounds of Formula II

##STR00001##

to produce the bacteriochlorin, wherein R is an acetal or aldehyde group. The condensing may be carried out in an organic solvent, preferably in the presence of an acid. The bacteriochlorins are useful for a variety of purposes such as active agents in photodynamic therapy, luminescent compounds in flow cytometry, solar cells, light harvesting arrays, and molecular memory devices.

A method of making a bacteriochlorin is carried out by condensing a pair of compounds of Formula II

##STR00001##

to produce the bacteriochlorin, wherein R is an acetal or aldehyde group. The condensing may be carried out in an organic solvent, preferably in the presence of an acid. The bacteriochlorins are useful for a variety of purposes such as active agents in photodynamic therapy, luminescent compounds in flow cytometry, solar cells, light harvesting arrays, and molecular memory devices.

A compound is represented by Chemical Formula 1, an organic photoelectric device includes a first electrode and a second electrode facing each other and an active layer between the first electrode and the second electrode and including the compound represented by Chemical Formula 1, and an image sensor and an electronic device include the organic photoelectric device.

The present disclosure relates to porphyrin small molecules substitutes designed and synthesized for bulk heterojunction (BHJ) organic solar cells (OSCs). Provided are synthesized materials with strong and ordered self-assembly property, leading to form bi-continuous, interpenetrating networks which are required for efficient charge separation and transport in organic solar cells. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the solar cells devices based on the embodiments of the present disclosure have the highest PCE among the solution-processed BHJ solar cell based on porphyrin small molecules up to date.