A semiconductor treatment composition includes particles having a particle size of 0.1 to 0.3 micrometers in a number of 3×10.sup.1 to 1.5×10.sup.3 per mL.

A first resistivity value and a correlation function relating thickness of a conductive layer having the first resistivity value to a signal from an in-situ monitoring system are stored. A second resistivity value for a conductive layer on a substrate is received. A sequence of signal values that depend on thickness of the conductive layer is received from an in-situ electromagnetic induction monitoring system that monitors the substrate during polishing. A sequence of thickness values is generated based on the sequence of signal values and the correlation function. For at least some thickness values of the sequence of thickness values adjusted thickness values are generated that compensate for variation between the first resistivity value and the second resistivity value to generate a sequence of adjusted thickness values. A polishing endpoint is detected or an adjustment for a polishing parameter is determined based on the sequence of adjusted thickness values.

A first resistivity value and a correlation function relating thickness of a conductive layer having the first resistivity value to a signal from an in-situ monitoring system are stored. A second resistivity value for a conductive layer on a substrate is received. A sequence of signal values that depend on thickness of the conductive layer is received from an in-situ electromagnetic induction monitoring system that monitors the substrate during polishing. A sequence of thickness values is generated based on the sequence of signal values and the correlation function. For at least some thickness values of the sequence of thickness values adjusted thickness values are generated that compensate for variation between the first resistivity value and the second resistivity value to generate a sequence of adjusted thickness values. A polishing endpoint is detected or an adjustment for a polishing parameter is determined based on the sequence of adjusted thickness values.

The invention provides chemical-mechanical polishing compositions and methods of chemically-mechanically polishing a substrate, especially a substrate comprising a silicon oxide layer, with the chemical-mechanical polishing compositions. The polishing compositions comprise first abrasive particles, wherein the first abrasive particles are wet-process ceria particles, have a median particle size of about 75 nm to about 200 nm, and are present in the polishing composition at a concentration of about 0.005 wt. % to about 2 wt. % a functionalized heterocycle, a cationic polymer selected from a quaternary amine, is cationic polyvinyl alcohol, and a cationic cellulose, optionally a carboxylic acid, a pH-adjusting agent, and an aqueous carrier, and have a pH of about 1 to about 6.

The invention provides chemical-mechanical polishing compositions and methods of chemically-mechanically polishing a substrate, especially a substrate comprising a silicon oxide layer, with the chemical-mechanical polishing compositions. The polishing compositions comprise first abrasive particles, wherein the first abrasive particles are wet-process ceria particles, have a median particle size of about 75 nm to about 200 nm, and are present in the polishing composition at a concentration of about 0.005 wt. % to about 2 wt. % a functionalized heterocycle, a cationic polymer selected from a quaternary amine, is cationic polyvinyl alcohol, and a cationic cellulose, optionally a carboxylic acid, a pH-adjusting agent, and an aqueous carrier, and have a pH of about 1 to about 6.

A polishing slurry includes an abrasive material, a first oxide polishing promoter, a first nitride polishing inhibitor, and a second nitride polishing inhibitor. The first oxide polishing promoter includes a polymer-based oxide polishing promoter. The first nitride polishing inhibitor includes an anionic nitride polishing inhibitor. The second nitride polishing inhibitor includes at least one selected from a cationic nitride polishing inhibitor and a non-ionic nitride polishing inhibitor.

A polishing slurry includes an abrasive material, a first oxide polishing promoter, a first nitride polishing inhibitor, and a second nitride polishing inhibitor. The first oxide polishing promoter includes a polymer-based oxide polishing promoter. The first nitride polishing inhibitor includes an anionic nitride polishing inhibitor. The second nitride polishing inhibitor includes at least one selected from a cationic nitride polishing inhibitor and a non-ionic nitride polishing inhibitor.

A first resistivity value and a correlation function relating thickness of a conductive layer having the first resistivity value to a signal from an in-situ monitoring system are stored. A second resistivity value for a conductive layer on a substrate is received. A sequence of signal values that depend on thickness of the conductive layer is received from an in-situ electromagnetic induction monitoring system that monitors the substrate during polishing. A sequence of thickness values is generated based on the sequence of signal values and the correlation function. For at least some thickness values of the sequence of thickness values adjusted thickness values are generated that compensate for variation between the first resistivity value and the second resistivity value to generate a sequence of adjusted thickness values. A polishing endpoint is detected or an adjustment for a polishing parameter is determined based on the sequence of adjusted thickness values.

A first resistivity value and a correlation function relating thickness of a conductive layer having the first resistivity value to a signal from an in-situ monitoring system are stored. A second resistivity value for a conductive layer on a substrate is received. A sequence of signal values that depend on thickness of the conductive layer is received from an in-situ electromagnetic induction monitoring system that monitors the substrate during polishing. A sequence of thickness values is generated based on the sequence of signal values and the correlation function. For at least some thickness values of the sequence of thickness values adjusted thickness values are generated that compensate for variation between the first resistivity value and the second resistivity value to generate a sequence of adjusted thickness values. A polishing endpoint is detected or an adjustment for a polishing parameter is determined based on the sequence of adjusted thickness values.

Smoothness of glass is improved. A polishing slurry (A) contains amorphous carbon and water, and a total amount of the amorphous carbon and the water is equal to or more than 90% of the whole polishing slurry in terms of mass ratio.