Vanadium oxide nanomaterials dispersed in a polymeric matrix, substrates including the vanadium oxide nanomaterials dispersed in a polymeric matrix, and related methods of making vanadium oxide nanomaterials dispersed in a polymeric matrix are described.

An electrochromic device according to an embodiment includes a first transparent conductive layer, an ion storage layer, an electrolyte layer, an electrochromic layer, and a second transparent conductive layer. The electrolyte layer includes a tantalum atom. The electrochromic layer includes a tungsten atom. The ion storage layer includes an iridium atom and a tantalum atom. The ion storage layer is hydrogenated in bleached state and the electrochromic device has a transmittance of 64.1% or more in bleached state. A difference between the transmittance of the electrochromic device in bleached state and the transmittance of the electrochromic device in colored state is 8.4% or more.

An electrochromic device according to an embodiment includes a first transparent conductive layer, an ion storage layer, an electrolyte layer, an electrochromic layer, and a second transparent conductive layer. The electrolyte layer includes a tantalum atom. The electrochromic layer includes a tungsten atom. The ion storage layer includes an iridium atom and a tantalum atom. The ion storage layer is hydrogenated in bleached state and the electrochromic device has a transmittance of 64.1% or more in bleached state. A difference between the transmittance of the electrochromic device in bleached state and the transmittance of the electrochromic device in colored state is 8.4% or more.

Provided is a curable photochromic coating composition including (a) a polyol component, (b) a poly(anhydride) having at least three cyclic anhydride groups, (c) a secondary crosslinker, and (d) a photochromic material. The polyol component includes (i) a first polyol having two hydroxyl groups and a hydroxyl equivalent weight of at least 15,000 g/mol and (ii) a second polyol different from the first polyol having at least three hydroxyl groups and a hydroxyl equivalent weight of at least 300 g/mol. The secondary crosslinker is selected from a poly(carbodiimide), an oxazoline-functional material, or mixtures thereof. The present invention also provides an optical article prepared from the curable photochromic coating composition.

According to one embodiment, a tungsten oxide material containing potassium is provided. The tungsten oxide material has a shape of particles including a central section and a peripheral section adjacent to the central section, and having an average particle size of 100 nm or less. A periodicity of a crystal varies between the central section and the peripheral section. In addition, a tungsten oxide powder mass for an electrochromic device including 80% by mass to 100% by mass of the tungsten oxide material is provided. Moreover, a slurry for producing an electrochromic device containing the above tungsten oxide material is provided.

According to one embodiment, a tungsten oxide material containing potassium is provided. The tungsten oxide material has a shape of particles including a central section and a peripheral section adjacent to the central section, and having an average particle size of 100 nm or less. A periodicity of a crystal varies between the central section and the peripheral section. In addition, a tungsten oxide powder mass for an electrochromic device including 80% by mass to 100% by mass of the tungsten oxide material is provided. Moreover, a slurry for producing an electrochromic device containing the above tungsten oxide material is provided.

Disclosed is a composite particle for use in a marking that is suitable for identification/authentication purposes. The particle comprises at least one superparamagnetic portion and at least one thermoluminescent portion coated with an thermoisolating portion. Optionally also a thermoconductive portion between the superparamagnetic and thermoluminscent portions.

Disclosed is a composite particle for use in a marking that is suitable for identification/authentication purposes. The particle comprises at least one superparamagnetic portion and at least one thermoluminescent portion coated with an thermoisolating portion. Optionally also a thermoconductive portion between the superparamagnetic and thermoluminscent portions.

Method for producing a photochromic material and a component including the photochromic material, where the method comprises the steps of:-first the formation on a substrate of a layer of an essentially oxygen free metal hydride with a predetermined thickness using a physical vapor deposition process; and -second exposing the metal hydride layer to oxygen where the oxygen reacts with the metal hydride, resulting in a material with photochromic properties.

Method for producing a photochromic material and a component including the photochromic material, where the method comprises the steps of:-first the formation on a substrate of a layer of an essentially oxygen free metal hydride with a predetermined thickness using a physical vapor deposition process; and -second exposing the metal hydride layer to oxygen where the oxygen reacts with the metal hydride, resulting in a material with photochromic properties.