A method of obtaining a liquefied hydrocarbon-rich fraction (product fraction) having a nitrogen content of 1 mol %, wherein the hydrocarbon-rich fraction is liquefied and subcooled with a refrigeration circuit and then subjected to a rectificative removal of nitrogen is disclosed.

Processes and systems for upgrading natural gas liquids. At least a portion of the natural gas liquid components in a shale gas stream can be dehydrogenated to their corresponding olefin derivatives prior to separating any methane from the liquids. Further processing subsequent to dehydrogenation could include various separations, oligomerizing olefins produced in the dehydrogenation step, recovering desired products, etc. The order of the processing steps subsequent to dehydrogenation could be adjusted in various cases.

Provided herein are systems and methods for converting CO.sub.2 and a reduction gas such as H.sub.2 or a hydrocarbon to mixtures of paraffins and aromatics suitable for use as aviation fuel.

Provided herein are systems and methods for converting CO.sub.2 and a reduction gas such as H.sub.2 or a hydrocarbon to mixtures of paraffins and aromatics suitable for use as aviation fuel.

A method for processing raw natural gas for storage and transport in a storage vessel at a storage pressure greater than the raw natural gas dense phase pressure, which includes the steps of receiving the raw natural gas in a flow path at an inlet pressure greater than the storage pressure; if necessary, dehydrating the raw natural gas; and continuously releasing the dehydrated raw natural gas from the flow path at a release pressure and a release temperature into a storage vessel until the pressure of the dehydrated raw natural gas in the storage vessel reaches the storage pressure, avoiding the solidification of any impurities in the raw natural gas. Also, a method of processing crude oil having dissolved raw natural gas for storage and transport in a storage vessel at a storage pressure greater than the bubble point pressure, includes the steps of receiving the crude oil at an inlet pressure greater than the storage pressure, and loading the crude oil into the storage vessel until the crude oil reaches the storage pressure, without separating any dissolved raw natural gas from the crude oil. Alternatively, raw natural gas is separated from the crude oil, and compressed to at least the storage pressure, dehydrating the raw natural gas, and recombining the dehydrated raw natural gas with the crude oil prior to loading into the storage vessel, avoiding the solidification of any impurities in the raw natural gas.

A method for processing raw natural gas for storage and transport in a storage vessel at a storage pressure greater than the raw natural gas dense phase pressure, which includes the steps of receiving the raw natural gas in a flow path at an inlet pressure greater than the storage pressure; if necessary, dehydrating the raw natural gas; and continuously releasing the dehydrated raw natural gas from the flow path at a release pressure and a release temperature into a storage vessel until the pressure of the dehydrated raw natural gas in the storage vessel reaches the storage pressure, avoiding the solidification of any impurities in the raw natural gas. Also, a method of processing crude oil having dissolved raw natural gas for storage and transport in a storage vessel at a storage pressure greater than the bubble point pressure, includes the steps of receiving the crude oil at an inlet pressure greater than the storage pressure, and loading the crude oil into the storage vessel until the crude oil reaches the storage pressure, without separating any dissolved raw natural gas from the crude oil. Alternatively, raw natural gas is separated from the crude oil, and compressed to at least the storage pressure, dehydrating the raw natural gas, and recombining the dehydrated raw natural gas with the crude oil prior to loading into the storage vessel, avoiding the solidification of any impurities in the raw natural gas.

Disclosed are compositions for catalysts comprising a zeolite promoted by metal and or metal oxide. In some aspects, the metal and/or metal oxide comprise a mixture of two or more metal or metal oxides. In various aspects, the zeolite is a pentasil zeolite and/or a ZSM-5 type zeolite. Also disclosed are processes for making the disclosed heterogeneous catalysts comprising preparing a mixture of a zeolite and one or more metal salts, which can include use of incipient wetness impregnation methods. In various aspects, also disclosed are methods for direct, non-oxidative preparation of higher hydrocarbons from natural gas, including selective for high yield production of C6 and higher hydrocarbons. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present disclosure.

Disclosed are compositions for catalysts comprising a zeolite promoted by metal and or metal oxide. In some aspects, the metal and/or metal oxide comprise a mixture of two or more metal or metal oxides. In various aspects, the zeolite is a pentasil zeolite and/or a ZSM-5 type zeolite. Also disclosed are processes for making the disclosed heterogeneous catalysts comprising preparing a mixture of a zeolite and one or more metal salts, which can include use of incipient wetness impregnation methods. In various aspects, also disclosed are methods for direct, non-oxidative preparation of higher hydrocarbons from natural gas, including selective for high yield production of C6 and higher hydrocarbons. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present disclosure.

A method for producing a motor fuel includes telomerizing ethylene and an alcohol mixture comprising ethanol under suitable conditions to form a mixture comprising C.sub.5-C.sub.8 alcohols; dehydrating the mixture comprising the C.sub.5-C.sub.8 alcohols to form a mixture comprising C.sub.5-C.sub.8 olefins; oligomerizing the C.sub.5-C.sub.8 olefins to form C.sub.10-C.sub.24 olefins; hydrogenating the C.sub.10-C.sub.24 olefins to form C.sub.10-C.sub.24 paraffins; and isolating a fraction of the C.sub.10-C.sub.24 paraffins. The isolated fraction may be used to form a motor fuel selected from gasoline, kerosene, diesel, and mixtures thereof.

An integrated process unit for making one or more alkylate products is provided. The integrated process unit includes (a) a dehydrogenation reactor; (b) a single alkylation reactor; (c) a separator, following the alkylation reactor, that separates effluent from the alkylation reactor into a catalyst phase and a hydrocarbon phase; (d) a distillation unit, following the separator, that receives the hydrocarbon phase and separates it into alkylate products, an unreacted paraffin phase, and an isoparaffin phase; (e) a first recycle line that feeds unreacted paraffin phase to the dehydrogenation reactor; and (f) a second recycle line that feeds isoparaffin phase to the alkylation reactor.