A de-icing lubricant composition is provided, including isopropyl alcohol; and mineral oil. The isopropyl alcohol may be 60-90% of the composition by weight. The mineral oil may be 10-30% of the composition by weight. The composition may include a dye and/or a propellant. The propellant may be CO2. A method of restoring mobility to frozen components is also provided by applying a composition as described above to a frozen component.

Provided is a particle-containing grease composition that can efficiently improve friction and wear resistance properties with a small added amount and exhibits excellent friction and wear resistance properties even when a clearance and the surface roughness of the friction surface in sliding parts are extremely small. The particle-containing grease composition includes base oil, a thickener, and molybdenum disulfide particles, in which a median diameter D.sub.50 of the molybdenum disulfide particles determined by a dynamic light scattering method is 10 nm or more and less than 450 nm.

A lubricating oil additive composition containing a polymer-based compound may be excellent in solubility in a mineral oil and wear resistance, and favorable as a friction modifier. A lubricating oil composition may contain the additive composition. Such a lubricating oil additive composition may contain a copolymer (X) containing: (a) a structural unit derived from a monomer (A) having a (meth)acryloyl group and a linear or branched alkyl group having 6 to 24 carbon atoms; (b) a structural unit derived from a monomer (B) having a (meth)acryloyl group and a polar group; and (c) a structural unit derived from a monomer (C) having a polymerizable functional group and a cyclic structure group. The copolymer (X) may have a content of the structural unit (a) of 43% by mol or more based on the total structural units of the copolymer (X), and a mass average molecular weight (Mw) of 5,000 to 90,000.

A friction control composition having high and positive frictional properties for sliding steel surfaces includes a water insoluble hydrocarbon that enables a reduced water content, a rheological additive, a freezing point depressant, a friction modifier, and a lubricant.

The present invention provides eductors comprising: a component having a metal surface: and a hydrophobic surface layer applied thereto, directly or through an intermediate layer. The surface layer comprises a self-assembled monolayer prepared from a fluorinated material having the structure:

##STR00001##

wherein A is an oxygen radical or a chemical bond; n is 1 to 20; Y is H, F, C.sub.nH.sub.2n+1 or C.sub.nF.sub.2n+1; X is H or F; b is at least 1, m is 0 to 50, p is 1 to 20, and Z is an acid group or an acid derivative. Also provided is a method of reducing deposition of a friction reducer on a metal surface of a component of an eductor, comprising: contacting the surface with a fluorinated material in a diluent, wherein the fluorinated material has the structure above; forming a film on the metal surface; and introducing the friction reducer into the apparatus.

The present invention provides methods of reducing friction on a surface of an apparatus that stores or transports a gas, comprising: (a) contacting the surface either directly or through an intermediate organometallic layer with a fluorinated material in a diluent, wherein the fluorinated material has the following structure:

##STR00001##

wherein A is an oxygen radical or a chemical bond; n is 1 to 20; Y is H, F, C.sub.nH.sub.2n+1 or C.sub.nF.sub.2n+1; X is H or F; b is at least 1, m is 0 to 50, p is 1 to 20, and Z is an acid group or an acid derivative; (b) forming a hydrophobic surface layer on the surface; and (c) introducing the gas into the apparatus.

The present invention provides treated gravel pack screens comprising a metal surface and a hydrophobic surface layer applied thereto, directly or through an intermediate layer. The surface layer comprises a self-assembled monolayer prepared from a fluorinated material having the structure:

##STR00001##

wherein A is an oxygen radical or a chemical bond; n is 1 to 20; Y is H, F, C.sub.nH.sub.2n+1 or C.sub.nF.sub.2n+1; X is H or F; b is at least 1, m is 0 to 50, p is 1 to 20, and Z is an acid group or an acid derivative. Also provided is a method of reducing deposition of a contaminant on a metal surface of a gravel pack screen, comprising: contacting the surface with the above fluorinated material in a diluent, directly or through an intermediate layer; forming a hydrophobic surface layer on the surface; and introducing a fluid through the gravel pack screen.

The present invention provides treated, transportable ISO tanks comprising an interior metal surface and a hydrophobic surface layer applied thereto, directly or through an intermediate layer. The surface layer comprises a self-assembled monolayer prepared from a fluorinated material having the structure:

##STR00001##

wherein A is an oxygen radical or a chemical bond; n is 1 to 20; Y is H, F, C.sub.nH.sub.2n+1 or C.sub.nF.sub.2n+1; X is H or F; b is at least 1, m is 0 to 50, p is 1 to 20, and Z is an acid group or an acid derivative. Also provided is a method of reducing deposition of a friction reducer on a surface of an apparatus that stores or transports the same, comprising: contacting the surface with the above fluorinated material in a diluent, directly or through an intermediate layer; forming a film on the surface; and introducing the friction reducer therein.

Concentrates containing specific functionalised diblock copolymers serve as effective additives for improving the cold flow behaviour of fuels and oils, the copolymers being derived from a terminally-unsaturated intermediate polymer obtained via a metallocene process involving hydrogen.

The lubricant for metal powder metallurgy of the present invention consists of particulates that contain at least one amide compound selected from the group consisting of amide compounds represented by general formula (1) below and amide compounds represented by general formula (2) below, wherein particulates with a particle diameter larger than 198 m are less than 1 mass % and particulates with a diameter of 10 m or less are not more than 10 mass %,
R.sup.1CONHCH.sub.2.sub.mNHCOR.sup.2(1)
wherein, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each independently represent a C.sub.13-27 aliphatic hydrocarbon group and m represents a number from 1 to 6,
R.sup.3CONH.sub.2(2)
wherein, R.sup.3 represents a C.sub.13-27 aliphatic hydrocarbon group. The lubricant for metal powder metallurgy of the present invention realizes low rattler values and low densities without inhibition of the lubricity, and can provide green bodies and sintered bodies free of cracking, chipping, and density imbalances.