Provided are a Bacillus subtilis genetically engineered bacterium for producing tagatose and a method for preparing tagatose. The genetically engineered bacterium comprises constructing thermostable ?-glucan phosphorylases, thermostable glucose phosphomutases, thermostable glucose phosphate isomerases, thermostable 6-tagatose phosphate epimerases, and thermostable 6-tagatose phosphate phosphatases which are independently expressed or co-expressed. The usage of the genetically engineered bacterium can effectively convert starch into tagatose. Compared with existing methods for producing tagatose, the method has advantages such as suitability for whole-cell recycling, high safety, high yield, simple production process, low cost, and easiness in large-scale preparation.

Exemplary embodiments of the disclosure may be drawn to a device having one or more chambers. The one or more chambers may contain immobilized lipase and a phytosterol processing excipient. The device may also include an inlet fluidly connected to one of the one or more chambers, wherein the inlet is configured to receive nutritional formula into one of the one or more chambers. The device may further include an outlet through which nutritional formula is configured to flow after passing through the one or more chambers.

A method to prepare functional polyester polyols by using micro-reaction device, wherein mixing -caprolactone/-valerolactone monomer with mercapto alcohol evenly with appropriate organic solution under moistureless conditions, and continuously transferring the prepared mixing solution into a micro-reaction device supported with an immobilized enzyme for polymerization to synthetize a poly (-caprolactone/-valerolactone). Compared with the prior art, the present invention achieves a continuous production by using immobilized lipase Novozyme435 as a catalyst.

A method to prepare functional polyester polyols by using micro-reaction device, wherein mixing -caprolactone/-valerolactone monomer with mercapto alcohol evenly with appropriate organic solution under moistureless conditions, and continuously transferring the prepared mixing solution into a micro-reaction device supported with an immobilized enzyme for polymerization to synthetize a poly (-caprolactone/-valerolactone). Compared with the prior art, the present invention achieves a continuous production by using immobilized lipase Novozyme435 as a catalyst.

The present invention relates to the field of biological and chemical transformation as well as physical and chemical trapping. More specifically, the invention relates to a new reactor arrangement for performing, by means of at least one solid reaction member, biological or chemical transformation, or physical or chemical trapping from or release of agents to, a fluidic medium. The reactor arrangement is comprised of an auxiliary reactor having a transformation device and a main reactor. The invention also provides an auxiliary reactor adapted for being connected to a main reactor, a method of using such a reactor arrangement, as well as a process involving the reactor arrangement.

The present invention relates to the field of biological and chemical transformation as well as physical and chemical trapping. More specifically, the invention relates to a new reactor arrangement for performing, by means of at least one solid reaction member, biological or chemical transformation, or physical or chemical trapping from or release of agents to, a fluidic medium. The reactor arrangement is comprised of an auxiliary reactor having a transformation device and a main reactor. The invention also provides an auxiliary reactor adapted for being connected to a main reactor, a method of using such a reactor arrangement, as well as a process involving the reactor arrangement.

A multi-use combined micro and nanowell plate may provide nanowell arrays within the individual microwells of the plate. One or more microwells of the plate may provide an array of nanowells disposed at the bottom of the microwell. The combined micro and nanowell plate may be formed from a top frame with voids defining the microwells, and a bottom plate with voids defining the array of nanowells. When the top frame and the bottom plate are joined, the nanowell arrays may be aligned with the microwells to provide a combined micro/nanowell.

A granular or particulate composition of matter that includes algae and bacteria is described. The algal-sludge granules are generated by incubating a wastewater system with algae under specific quiescent conditions with illumination. Once the algal-sludge granules are present, it is no longer necessary to maintain quiescent conditions, and reaction with wastewater under stirred conditions is possible. The methods described include ab initio generation of the algal-sludge granules, use of the algal-sludge granules to remediate wastewater, and use of the algal-sludge granules to generate biomass. It is believed that the remediation of wastewater by algal-sludge granules will save the energy for wastewater treatment, recover the energy in wastewater in the form of biomass, and reduce the wastewater treatment carbon footprint.

A granular or particulate composition of matter that includes algae and bacteria is described. The algal-sludge granules are generated by incubating a wastewater system with algae under specific quiescent conditions with illumination. Once the algal-sludge granules are present, it is no longer necessary to maintain quiescent conditions, and reaction with wastewater under stirred conditions is possible. The methods described include ab initio generation of the algal-sludge granules, use of the algal-sludge granules to remediate wastewater, and use of the algal-sludge granules to generate biomass. It is believed that the remediation of wastewater by algal-sludge granules will save the energy for wastewater treatment, recover the energy in wastewater in the form of biomass, and reduce the wastewater treatment carbon footprint.

The present invention relates to a method of preparing at least one rhamnolipid comprising: contacting a recombinant cell with a medium containing a carbon source; and culturing the cell under suitable conditions for preparation of the rhamnolipid from the carbon source by the cell, wherein the recombinant cell has been genetically modified such that, compared to the wild-type of the cell, the cell has an increased activity of at least one of the enzymes E.sub.1, E.sub.2 and E.sub.3, wherein the enzyme E.sub.1 is an / hydrolase, the enzyme E.sub.2 is a rhamnosyltransferase I and the enzyme E.sub.3 is a rhamnosyl-transferase II, and wherein the carbon source is a C.sub.4 molecule.