An extraction system for testing microbial contamination includes a biocompatible outer vessel that has a side wall and a biocompatible suspension system that is positionable within an interior of the biocompatible outer vessel. The biocompatible suspension system includes a horizontal member on which a sample may be supported and a securement mechanism that is engagable with the side wall of the biocompatible outer vessel to maintain the suspension system at a desired position within the biocompatible outer vessel.

Briefly, a sensor for a continuous biological monitor is provided for measuring the level of a target analyte for a patient. The sensor has a working wire and a reference wire, where the working wire has an analyte limiting layer that passes more than 1 in 1000 analyte molecules from the patient to the an enzyme layer. The enzyme layer has an enzyme entrapped in a polyurethane cross-linked with acrylic polyol. As free electrons are generated, a conductor transfers the electrons to the biological monitor. In some cases, the sensor may be constructed without the use of any expensive platinum.

The present disclosure presents glucose sensing methods and systems. One such system comprises an electrospun-nanofibrous-membrane (ENFM)-based amperometric glucose sensor integrated on a silicon chip, in which the glucose sensor has a working electrode, a reference electrode, and a counter electrode, wherein the working electrode comprises an ENFM-based sensing electrode. The system further comprises a potentiostat circuit integrated on the silicon chip such that the potentiostat circuit comprises a voltage control unit to control a voltage difference between the working electrode and the reference electrode and a transimpedance amplifier to measure a current flow between the working electrode and the counter electrode, in which a strength of the current flow corresponds to an amount of glucose present in a sample of blood on the glucose sensor.

A glucose monitoring method and a glucose sensor, both of which use glucose dehydrogenase having a Michaelis constant (Km) for xylose of 600 mM or more and 3000 mM or less, and a Km for glucose of 0.1 mM or more and 100 mM or less, which provide for evaluating FADGDH in an aqueous system while reducing the practical influence of FADGDH on D-xylose.

Gene editing can be performed by introducing gene-editing components into a cell by mechanical cell disruption. Related apparatus, systems, techniques, and articles are also described. The methods and systems of the invention solve the problem of intracellular delivery of gene editing components and gene editing complexes to target cells. The results described herein indicate that delivery of gene editing components, e.g., protein, ribonucleic acid (RNA), and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), by mechanical disruption of cell membranes leads to successful gene editing. Because intracellular delivery of gene editing materials is a current challenge, the methods provide a robust mechanism to engineer target cells without the use of potentially harmful viral vectors or electric fields.

The present invention includes a high throughput screen for an active agent for the treatment of comprising: plating cells at least one pathophysiologically relevant mislocated mutant form of a peroxisomal enzyme; adding a control and compound to each plate from a library of compounds; fixing the cells; contacting the cells with an agent that detects the mislocated mutant form of a peroxisomal enzyme; and imaging the cells in the wells.

Disclosed herein is an analyte sensing biointerface that comprises a sensing electrode incorporated within a non-conductive matrix comprising a plurality of passageways extending through the matrix to the sensing electrode. Also disclosed herein are methods of manufacturing a sensing biointerface and methods of detecting an analyte within tissue of a host using an analyte sensing biointerface.

The present disclosure relates to a conjugated quantum dot nanoparticles, to methods of making such conjugated quantum dot nanoparticles, and to methods of detecting DNA methylation using such conjugated quantum dot nanoparticles.

Methods, apparatus, systems, and methods are described that relate to microneedle-assisted aptamer-based electrochemical sensing for label-free, continuous real-time monitoring of biomarkers in a biofluid. One example device for electrochemical monitoring of one or more analytes in a biofluid includes a substrate and at least two microneedles coupled to the substrate. Each microneedle in the at least two microneedles includes a protruded needle structure and an electrode probe structure. The electrode probe structure of a first microneedle in the at least two microneedles includes an aptamer sequence which is specific for a first analyte and the electrode probe structure of the first microneedle is operable as a working electrode for detection of the first analyte using a first electrochemical detection technique.

A multiple functioning superconductive device was invented based on Toroidal Josephson Junction (FFTJJ) array with 3D-cage structure self-assembled organo-metallic superlattice membrane. The device not only mimics the structure and function of an activated Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) protein, but also mimics the cylinder structure of the Heat Shock Protein (HSP60) protein, that works at room temperature under a normal atmosphere, and without external electromagnetic power applied. The device enabled direct rapid real-time monitoring atto-molarity concentration ATP in biological specimens and was able to define the anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory status revealed a transitional range of ATP concentration under antibody-free, tracer-free and label-free conditions.