Methods of preparing 7xxx aluminum alloy products for adhesive bonding and products made therefrom are disclosed. Generally, the methods include preparing a 7xxx aluminum alloy product for anodizing, then anodizing the 7xxx aluminum alloy product, and then contacting the anodized 7xxx aluminum alloy product with an appropriate chemical to create a functionalized layer. The new 7xxx aluminum alloy products may realize improved shear bonding performance.

The disclosed embodiments include a housing of a handheld mobile device. The housing includes a ceramic layer forming a continuous outermost surface of the handheld mobile device, and an antenna layer adjacent to the ceramic layer. The antenna layer including conductive elements formed from a metal injection molded substrate, and an antenna break formed of non-conductive material electrically separating the conductive elements to collectively form an antenna of the handheld mobile device that is hidden by the ceramic layer from an exterior view of the handheld mobile device.

A method of manufacturing a stainless steel fastener includes following operations. Firstly, a stainless steel blank is prepared and contains from 1 to 3.5 wt % molybdenum, from 10 to 16 wt % chromium, from 0.5 to 3.5 wt % nickel, from 0.05 to 0.3 wt % nitrogen, carbon which is not more than 0.2 wt %, iron, and other inevitable compositions. Initially, a steel crystalline structure of the blank is martensite whose hardness ranges from 230 to 350 HV. Then, the blank is annealed to transform a partial crystalline structure of the steel crystalline structure into ferrite. The annealed blank experiences a cutting operation, a head forming operation, and a thread forming operation sequentially. Thereafter, a heat treating operation is executed to transform the partial crystalline structure from ferrite into martensite to complete a stainless steel fastener whose hardness is increased and is at least 500 HV, which facilitates a direct drilling effect.

A method of manufacturing a stainless steel fastener includes following operations. Firstly, a stainless steel blank is prepared and contains from 1 to 3.5 wt % molybdenum, from 10 to 16 wt % chromium, from 0.5 to 3.5 wt % nickel, from 0.05 to 0.3 wt % nitrogen, carbon which is not more than 0.2 wt %, iron, and other inevitable compositions. Initially, a steel crystalline structure of the blank is martensite whose hardness ranges from 230 to 350 HV. Then, the blank is annealed to transform a partial crystalline structure of the steel crystalline structure into ferrite. The annealed blank experiences a cutting operation, a head forming operation, and a thread forming operation sequentially. Thereafter, a heat treating operation is executed to transform the partial crystalline structure from ferrite into martensite to complete a stainless steel fastener whose hardness is increased and is at least 500 HV, which facilitates a direct drilling effect.

A kit for applying a coating includes a first handheld container with a first liquid trivalent chromium salt composition disposed therein. A first applicator is disposed in fluid communication with the first container and is configured to dispense the first composition. The kit also includes a second handheld container having a second liquid oxidizing agent composition disposed therein. A second applicator is disposed in fluid communication with the second container and is configured to dispense the second composition.

Pen-type hazardous material applicators are provided useful in applying metal pretreatment material to intricate geometries, such as blind holes, through holes, rivets, crevices, chamfers, counterbores, countersinks and other difficult to access surfaces are provided.

Provided is a zinc-based plated steel sheet having a post-treated coating filmed thereon including: a steel sheet; a zinc plated layer formed on the steel sheet; and a post-treated coating formed on the plated layer, wherein the atomic ratio (O/M) of oxygen (O) to metals (M) contained in the post-treated coating is greater than 2 and less than 20, and a method for post-treating a zinc-based plated steel sheet. According to this, the zinc-based plated steel sheet having the post-treated coating formed thereon has the effects excellent in lubricity, weldability, adhesiveness, film-removing property and paintability. As the method of post-treating a zinc-based plated steel sheet of the present invention employs a simple coating method irrespective of the kind of plating layer, the process is simple and economical and the process operation cost is low.

Provided is a zinc-based plated steel sheet having a post-treated coating filmed thereon including: a steel sheet; a zinc plated layer formed on the steel sheet; and a post-treated coating formed on the plated layer, wherein the atomic ratio (O/M) of oxygen (O) to metals (M) contained in the post-treated coating is greater than 2 and less than 20, and a method for post-treating a zinc-based plated steel sheet. According to this, the zinc-based plated steel sheet having the post-treated coating formed thereon has the effects excellent in lubricity, weldability, adhesiveness, film-removing property and paintability. As the method of post-treating a zinc-based plated steel sheet of the present invention employs a simple coating method irrespective of the kind of plating layer, the process is simple and economical and the process operation cost is low.

A manufacturing method for steel sheets for containers produces steel sheets with excellent film adhesion qualities. This steel sheet for containers has, on a steel sheet, a chemical conversion coating with a metal Zr content of 1-100 mg/m.sup.2, a P content of 0.1-50 mg/m.sup.2, and an F content of no more than 0.1 mg/m.sup.2, upon which is formed a phenolic resin layer with a C content of 0.1-50 mg/m.sup.2. Moreover, the manufacturing method for steel sheets for containers is a method for obtaining the steel sheet for containers wherein the chemical conversion coating is formed on the steel sheet by subjecting the steel sheet to immersion in or electrolytic treatment with a treatment solution containing Zr ions, phosphoric acid ions, and F ions; and subsequently, the steel sheet upon which the chemical conversion coating has been formed is immersed in, or undergoes topical application of, an aqueous solution containing phenolic resin, then dried.

A manufacturing method for steel sheets for containers produces steel sheets with excellent film adhesion qualities. This steel sheet for containers has, on a steel sheet, a chemical conversion coating with a metal Zr content of 1-100 mg/m.sup.2, a P content of 0.1-50 mg/m.sup.2, and an F content of no more than 0.1 mg/m.sup.2, upon which is formed a phenolic resin layer with a C content of 0.1-50 mg/m.sup.2. Moreover, the manufacturing method for steel sheets for containers is a method for obtaining the steel sheet for containers wherein the chemical conversion coating is formed on the steel sheet by subjecting the steel sheet to immersion in or electrolytic treatment with a treatment solution containing Zr ions, phosphoric acid ions, and F ions; and subsequently, the steel sheet upon which the chemical conversion coating has been formed is immersed in, or undergoes topical application of, an aqueous solution containing phenolic resin, then dried.