An electrode, which includes at least one tetragonally crystallized compound containing at least one element selected from the group of Cu and Ag, the crystal lattice of the compound being of the space group I4.sub.1/amd type. An electrolysis cell includes the electrode.

An electrode, which includes at least one tetragonally crystallized compound containing at least one element selected from the group of Cu and Ag, the crystal lattice of the compound being of the space group I4.sub.1/amd type. An electrolysis cell includes the electrode.

An electrochemical process implements, in a decoupled manner, a first step of electrolysis of an electrolyte to produce gaseous oxygen in a chamber and a second step of electrochemical conversion of H+ ions into gaseous hydrogen in a chamber which contains a liquid phase and a gas phase not dissolved in the liquid phase. Gaseous hydrogen produced in the conversion step is partly present in the gaseous headspace of chamber and as bubbles in the electrolyte, and partly dissolved in the electrolyte which is saturated with hydrogen. The electrolyte has at least one redox pair (A/B) forming at least one intermediate vector enabling the decoupling of the first and second steps. The interface between the gas and liquid phases is increased during the second step to accelerate the diffusion, from liquid phase to gas phase, of the dissolved hydrogen able to supersaturate the electrolyte. Pressurized gaseous hydrogen is then collected.

A hydrogen system includes: a water electrolysis apparatus including a water electrolysis cell; an electrochemical hydrogen pump that increases the pressure of hydrogen-containing gas produced by the water electrolysis apparatus; a gas flow path that supplies the hydrogen-containing gas produced by the water electrolysis apparatus to the electrochemical hydrogen pump; and a first flow path through which a first heat medium that is a liquid and has collected waste heat of the water electrolysis cell flows. The electrochemical hydrogen pump is capable of performing heat exchange with the first heat medium having collected waste heat of the water electrolysis cell.

The invention generally relates an apparatus for generation of hydrogen and oxygen gases by utilizing seawater. The invention also relates to a method of making hydrogen and oxygen gas by utilizing anion exchange membranes and seawater. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention.

An environment control system utilizes oxygen and humidity control devices that are coupled with an enclosure to independently control the oxygen concentration and the humidity level within the enclosure. An oxygen depletion device may be an oxygen depletion electrolyzer cell that reacts with oxygen within the cell and produces water through electrochemical reactions. A desiccating device may be g, a dehumidification electrolyzer cell, a desiccator, a membrane desiccator or a condenser. A controller may control the amount of voltage and/or current provided to the oxygen depletion electrolyzer cell and therefore the rate of oxygen reduction and may control the amount of voltage and/or current provided to the dehumidification electrolyzer cell and therefore the rate of humidity reduction. The oxygen level may be determined by the measurement of voltage and a limiting current of the oxygen depletion electrolyzer cell. The enclosure may be a food or artifact enclosure.

An environment control system utilizes oxygen and humidity control devices that are coupled with an enclosure to independently control the oxygen concentration and the humidity level within the enclosure. An oxygen depletion device may be an oxygen depletion electrolyzer cell that reacts with oxygen within the cell and produces water through electrochemical reactions. A desiccating device may be g, a dehumidification electrolyzer cell, a desiccator, a membrane desiccator or a condenser. A controller may control the amount of voltage and/or current provided to the oxygen depletion electrolyzer cell and therefore the rate of oxygen reduction and may control the amount of voltage and/or current provided to the dehumidification electrolyzer cell and therefore the rate of humidity reduction. The oxygen level may be determined by the measurement of voltage and a limiting current of the oxygen depletion electrolyzer cell. The enclosure may be a food or artifact enclosure.

An electrolysis method comprising an electrolysis cell (4), which method uses at least one recirculating flushing medium (50, 60). The invention further relates to an electrolysis system, in particular for carrying out the electrolysis method.

An electrolysis method comprising an electrolysis cell (4), which method uses at least one recirculating flushing medium (50, 60). The invention further relates to an electrolysis system, in particular for carrying out the electrolysis method.

An electrode including Cu.sub.4O.sub.3, in particular an ethylene-selective electrode with a mixed valence Cu.sub.4O.sub.3 catalyst. A method for producing an electrode of this type, an electrolytic cell having an electrode of this type, and a method for electrochemically converting carbon dioxide using such an electrode including Cu.sub.4O.sub.3.