The object of the invention is an apparatus and a method for measuring dewatering in the wet end of a paper machine. What is essential in the invention is that the measuring system (26) comprises an essentially horizontal inlet pipe (10) on the machine level (11), which pipe is installed in the measuring receptacle (27), and in that the separation of air (22) is performed in an expanded pipe section (15) made in the inlet pipe (10) and in the outlet pipe (16) connected to it. A weir plate is installed in the measuring receptacle (27) of the measuring system (26), the weir plate functioning as a measuring weir (8) for measuring the amount of the dewatering flow, and from a pressure difference transmitter (20) installed on one side, which transmitter measures the height of the water surface produced by the measuring weir (8) for measuring the amount of water (7).

The invention relates to a wrapping paper for a smoking article, said wrapping paper comprising long-fibre pulp, short-fibre pulp, and inorganic filler, wherein: at least a portion of the long-fibre pulp is ground and the ground long-fibre pulp constitutes at least 15% and at most 70% of the mass of the wrapping paper, at least a portion of the short-fibre pulp is ground and the ground short-fibre pulp constitutes at least 5% and at most 80% of the mass of the wrapping paper, and the ground short-fibre pulp has a freeness value of at least 20? SR and at most 60? SR; the short-fibre pulp as a whole constitutes at least 10% and at most 80% of the mass of the wrapping paper, at least 5% and at most 45% of the mass of the wrapping paper is constituted by one or more inorganic fillers; the mass per unit area of the wrapping paper is at least 15 g/m.sup.2 and at most 45 g/m.sup.2; the diffusion capacity of the wrapping paper is at least 0.05 cm/s and at most 0.5 cm/s; and the standard deviation of the diffusion capacity of the wrapping paper is at most 0.05 cm/s. The invention also relates to an associated manufacturing method and to a smoking article making use of said wrapping paper.

A method and an apparatus for adjusting a suction roll. The method includes: recording images and/or videos of the exterior of the roll and transmitting the recording to a computing unit; determining the actual values of the position of the sealing strips and/or edge deckles and/or other, non-visible components by the computing unit through image analysis of the image and/or video recording of the exterior of the roll and/or by acquiring values from an embedded sensor system; and displaying the determined actual values by superimposing the position of the non-visible components on a display with the image and/or video recording.

This disclosure relates generally to enabling a user to (1) determine the radial stiffness of the outer surface of a winding or wound roll, and (2) when coupled with a winding/contact model results in a virtual instrument allowing the user to explore the residual stresses due to winding in roll-to-roll manufacturing process machines, and (3) allows the user to predict winding defects and hence roll quality based upon the known residual stresses. Wound roll models require the input of a radial modulus of elasticity which is state dependent on interlayer pressure. The hardware of the disclosure can be used to determine this radial modulus and serves to enable the user to (1) use winding/contact models and (2) with measurements made during or after winding enable the user to estimate the winding residual stresses.

A process having the steps of producing the web material with the papermaking machine; measuring a molar amount of a monovalent inorganic ionizable cation species (MIICS) in the web material; measuring a molar amount of a divalent inorganic ionizable cation species (DIICS) in the web material; calculating a molar ratio of the measured molar amount of the MIICS to the measured molar amount of the DIICS in the web material; determining if the molar ratio of MIICS to DIICS is about less than or equal to 10; and, if the molar ratio of MIICS to DIICS is greater than about 10, adding an amount of DIICS to the papermaking machine to adjust the molar ratio of MIICS to DIICS so the web material adhering to the Yankee drum drying system has a molar ratio of MIICS to DIICS of about less than or equal to 10, is disclosed.

The vaporization type humidification unit includes a vaporization unit that evaporates moisture, a first blower that sucks humidification air humidified by the vaporization unit, a transport tube that is connected to the first blower and through which the air discharged from the first blower is transported, a second blower connected to the transport tube and discharging the humidification air discharged from the first blower side toward outside, an opening provided in a middle of the transport tube, a humidity measurement unit installed on a discharging side of the second blower, and a control unit that controls an air flow rate discharged from the first blower and the second blower, in which the control unit controls the air flow rate discharged from the second blower to a desired value and controls the air flow rate discharged from the first blower based on a humidity measured by the humidity measurement unit.

A paper web includes a surface having a plurality of sections. At least one section of the plurality of sections has a plurality of positions. The plurality of positions each has an equal length and is obtained by subdividing the at least one section. The paper web also includes ink applied to the surface of the paper web at some of the plurality of positions.

A method of controlling a converting line that produces a paper product. The method includes unwinding a paper web from a parent roll on a converting line having a plurality of operational parameters. The paper web includes a plurality of sections and a plurality of marks, with at least one mark assigned to each of the plurality of sections and each mark associated with a paper rating. At least one of the plurality of marks is read with a mark reading unit. The paper rating associated with the at least one mark read by the reading unit is obtained. At least one operational parameter of the converting line based upon the obtained paper rating is changed. The paper web is converted into a paper product.

A converting line for processing tissue paper includes an unwinder for unwinding reels of tissue paper; a rewinding machine for forming rolls of tissue paper; a feeding path between the unwinder and the rewinding machine, for at least one ply of tissue paper; along the feeding path, a first detection unit to detect the thickness of the tissue paper fed along the feeding path in a feeding direction; a control system, interfacing with the detection unit, and configured to act on at least one production parameter of the converting line based on the detected tissue paper thickness.

A method for producing an air-laid product or a non-woven product from a starting material includes: comminuting starting material into a comminuted material in at least one comminution line by at least one comminuting device; feeding the comminuted material into at least one material buffer; removing the comminuted material from the at least one material buffer; metering the comminuted material by at least one metering device; supplying the comminuted material to at least one processing line with at least one defibration system in which the comminuted material is defiberized into a defiberized material; and feeding the defiberized material into a production machine and processing the defiberized material into an air-laid product or a non-woven fabric. The at least one metering device is controlled in such a way that a continuous mass flow of defiberized material is supplied to the production machine.