A segmental tube section structure having a length and a circumference, the segmental tube section structure including a plurality of tube segments extending the length in a longitudinal direction of the segmental tube section structure and extending in a circumferential direction of the segmental tube section structure, wherein each tube segment of the plurality of tube segments extends in the circumferential direction to span an equal arc of the circumference of the segmental tube section, and wherein each of the plurality of tube segments are connected to adjacent tube segments of the plurality of tube segments in the circumferential direction to form the segmental tube section structure.

A sound absorber includes cavities mutually different in at least one of shape and size. A wall of a first cavity included in the cavities includes a first region and a second region. Through- holes connecting an interior to an exterior of the first cavity is formed in the first region. No through-holes connecting the interior and the exterior of the first cavity is formed in the second region adjacent to the first region. A wall of a second cavity included in the cavities includes a third region and a fourth region. Through-holes connecting an interior to an exterior of the second cavity is formed in the third region. No through-holes connecting the interior and the exterior of the second cavity is formed in the fourth region adjacent to the third region. Size of through-holes in the first region is different from size of through-holes in the third region.

A noise damper for reducing noise from a vibrating element which vibrates at a vibrational frequency, wherein the noise damper is configured to be in contact with the vibrating element such that when the noise damper is in contact with the vibrating element a noise amplitude at a point in a surrounding of the vibrating element is given by an attenuation factor times the noise amplitude at the point in the surrounding when the noise damper is disconnected from the vibrating element, the noise damper comprising: a polymer matrix, the polymer matrix being in a solid phase and forming a shape; a plurality of hollow particles dispersed in the polymer matrix, each hollow particle having a shell encapsulating a gas filled cavity, each hollow particle having a hollow particle size, and the plurality of hollow particles being dispersed at a hollow particle concentration in the polymer matrix; wherein the hollow particle size and the hollow particle concentration are configured to set the attenuation factor below an attenuation factor threshold at the vibrational frequency of the vibrating element, the hollow particle size being in a range wherein the largest dimension is between 20 μm and 2000 μm.

A clip assembly for securing first and second tuned mass dampers to respective first and second sides of a rail. The clip assembly includes a bar element having a connector portion extending between first and second ends thereof and formed to be positioned in a predetermined location relative to the rail at least partially under a foot of the rail, and a first clamping arm connected with the connector portion at the first end of the connector portion, the first clamping arm being formed to engage the first tuned mass damper. The bar element also includes a linkage section located at the second end of the connector portion. The clip assembly includes a second clamping arm extending between upper and lower ends thereof, the lower end comprising a locking portion securable to the linkage section, and the upper end being formed for engagement with the second tuned mass damper.

An acoustic sound absorptive panel or block is provided that is made from a plurality of materials and volumes selected such that each discrete volume of material has a sufficiently different sound absorption profile, resulting in a system that provides better overall sound absorption of traffic noise from motorways and railways in a practical and cost-efficient manner.

This disclosure presents a deployable spill containment system and method. In one embodiment, the spill containment device forms a shallow container covering a large area. The coverage area and depth may vary. The spill containment device may have deformable walls that allow vehicles to drive over and into the protection area during deployment. Furthermore, the spill containment device may be rolled, folded, or both, for storage and transportation, such as fitting in a bed of a pickup truck. The spill containment system includes replaceable components for easy repair, exchange, and modification when needed.

The present disclosure provides, as a sleeper pad for railroad sleepers in which a nonwoven fabric is attached to a rubber pad by a thermal fusion process, a nonwoven fabric-integrated sleeper pad using a rubber pad embedded with a stiffener and methods of manufacturing and constructing the same, which can adjust vertical support stiffness of the rubber pad by the stiffener embedded in the middle of the rubber pad and which can secure the flatness of the rubber pad by resisting bending deformation due to a difference in shrinkage between rubber and nonwoven fabric.

A segmental tube section structure having a length and a circumference, the segmental tube section structure including, a plurality of tube segments extending the length in a longitudinal direction of the segmental tube section structure and extending in a circumferential direction of the segmental tube section structure, wherein each tube segment of the plurality of tube segments extends in the circumferential direction to span an arc of the circumference of the segmental tube section structure, wherein each of the plurality of tube segments is connected to adjacent tube segments of the plurality of tube segments in the circumferential direction to form the segmental tube section structure, wherein at least one of the plurality of tube segments comprises an attachment structure to accommodate a vehicle track assembly, and wherein each of the plurality of tube segments is formed of a steel plate.

A segmental tube section structure having a length and a circumference, the segmental tube section structure including, a plurality of tube segments extending the length in a longitudinal direction of the segmental tube section structure and extending in a circumferential direction of the segmental tube section structure, wherein each tube segment of the plurality of tube segments extends in the circumferential direction to span an arc of the circumference of the segmental tube section structure, wherein each of the plurality of tube segments is connected to adjacent tube segments of the plurality of tube segments in the circumferential direction to form the segmental tube section structure, wherein at least one of the plurality of tube segments comprises an attachment structure to accommodate a vehicle track assembly, and wherein each of the plurality of tube segments is formed of a steel plate.

In accordance with an embodiment, there is disclosed a rail cover for covering an underside of a foot of a railway rail, the rail cover comprising: mutually connectable cover parts configured to respectively extend at least partially around opposing sides of the foot of the railway rail and connectable by an adjustable ratcheting connection or an interference fit to resist separation of the mutually connectable cover parts.