A practical method for short-term operations of large-scale hydropower plants divides all hydropower plants into three categories using operation characteristics such as system hierarchy, space attributes, task requirements, and schedule particularity. A strategy for adjusting spillage based on peak-shaving response and a strategy for equal load reduction in off-peak hours check and adjust power generation of hydropower plants with specified dispatching modes. For medium- and small-sized cascaded hydropower plants, the load distribution among plants is optimized with an objective of minimizing total power release subject to control condition of total generation profile. For large-size cascaded hydropower plants, an optimization model for peak-shaving operations and a method for balancing power plants with equal load rate are combined to respond to system peak demands and guarantee power balance in all periods.

A water reservoir system for generating, accumulating, storing, and releasing electrical energy comprises a reservoir wall built in a shallow body of water such as a sea or an ocean with a height exceeding the outside water level by about 10-25 m, thereby defining an interior of the water reservoir. Excess electrical energy from other renewable sources of electricity such as wind, solar power, or supplied by a local power grid is used to operate water pumps to fill the interior of the water reservoir with water during times of peak supply of electricity. Water is drained from the water reservoir to the outside body of water and generates electrical energy by flowing over a plurality of water turbines, thereby generating electricity and supplementing electrical power for the local power grid during times of high demand. Additional interior sources of renewable energy may be used to supplement external sources of electrical power in operating the system of the invention.

The present invention is a reversible pump-turbine installation positioned in a vertical borehole instead of in a conventional underground powerhouse or deep concrete powerhouse. The required plant cavitation coefficient may be achieved by simply boring a vertical borehole to the required depth rather than routing the water flow to and from a deeply buried powerhouse. A pneumatically controlled pressure relief valve may be incorporated into this invention.

The present invention is a reversible pump-turbine installation positioned in a vertical borehole instead of in a conventional underground powerhouse or deep concrete powerhouse. The required plant cavitation coefficient may be achieved by simply boring a vertical borehole to the required depth rather than routing the water flow to and from a deeply buried powerhouse. A pneumatically controlled pressure relief valve may be incorporated into this invention.

A method and system for ecological operation of total phosphorus (TP) export of a cascade hydropower station are provided. The method includes: integrating total power generation and TP export of the cascade hydropower station into a single operation objective, and obtaining an operation objective under different weight ratios; optimizing the obtained operation objective; and obtaining a water level operation process corresponding to total power generation and TP export under the current operation objective through the optimized operation objective. The present invention alleviates an ecological and environmental problem caused by the construction of the hydropower station from a water quality mechanism, and can be widely used, for example, in the ecological optimal operation of cascade hydropower stations in a river basin.

A method and system for ecological operation of total phosphorus (TP) export of a cascade hydropower station are provided. The method includes: integrating total power generation and TP export of the cascade hydropower station into a single operation objective, and obtaining an operation objective under different weight ratios; optimizing the obtained operation objective; and obtaining a water level operation process corresponding to total power generation and TP export under the current operation objective through the optimized operation objective. The present invention alleviates an ecological and environmental problem caused by the construction of the hydropower station from a water quality mechanism, and can be widely used, for example, in the ecological optimal operation of cascade hydropower stations in a river basin.

The invention relates to a device and a method for preventing floods in the event of a river carrying floodwater. At least one mainline is provided which leads from the region of the floodplain to a collection basin and has one or more pumps in order to pump part of the floodwater through said mainline to the aforementioned collection basin in the event of floodwater, the base of said collection basin lying at a higher level than the riverbed such that electric energy is converted into potential energy of the water during the operation of the at least one pump. According to the method, the electric energy for operating the at least one pump is drawn from a local energy store or is converted in situ from a third energy form which differs from electric energy and hydropower. This is achieved using a device for drawing the electric energy for operating the at least one pump from a local energy store or converting the electric energy in situ from a third energy form which differs from electric energy and hydropower.

A water-driven turbine has an elongated endless conveyor with down and up streaming straightaways connected by travel-reversing turns. Paddles mounted on the conveyor present high resistance to waterflow on the downstream straightaway and low resistance to waterflow or the atmosphere on the upstream straightaway, the differential allowing the flow of water to continuously drive the conveyor which is connected to a power take-off shaft facilitating connection to a variety of energy-harnessing systems. The turbine can be towed, self-driven or mooring line manipulated to a flow site and is operable in unidirectional flows such as rivers and reversing flows such as tides at depths from surface to bottom. The paddles can be mounted or changed on shore, at the flow site and anywhere in between. The turbine is efficient in low and high velocity water flow, not easily damaged by floating debris, cavitation free and fish, mammal and environmentally friendly.

A method and system for ecological operation of total phosphorus (TP) export of a cascade hydropower station are provided. The method includes: integrating total power generation and TP export of the cascade hydropower station into a single operation objective, and obtaining an operation objective under different weight ratios; optimizing the obtained operation objective; and obtaining a water level operation process corresponding to total power generation and TP export under the current operation objective through the optimized operation objective. The present invention alleviates an ecological and environmental problem caused by the construction of the hydropower station from a water quality mechanism, and can be widely used, for example, in the ecological optimal operation of cascade hydropower stations in a river basin.

A method and system for ecological operation of total phosphorus (TP) export of a cascade hydropower station are provided. The method includes: integrating total power generation and TP export of the cascade hydropower station into a single operation objective, and obtaining an operation objective under different weight ratios; optimizing the obtained operation objective; and obtaining a water level operation process corresponding to total power generation and TP export under the current operation objective through the optimized operation objective. The present invention alleviates an ecological and environmental problem caused by the construction of the hydropower station from a water quality mechanism, and can be widely used, for example, in the ecological optimal operation of cascade hydropower stations in a river basin.