A gaseous emissions treatment component has a honeycomb substrate along and through which extend elongate cells for the passage of gaseous emissions through the substrate. The cells are bounded by walls dividing adjacent cells from one another. Metal elements occupy and extend along some of the cells. A metal element has an outer surface shape matching the inner surface of an immediately adjacent part of the cell within which the metal element is located.

A base for supporting a catalyst for exhaust gas purification, the base including a honeycomb structure obtained by superposing a metallic flat foil and a metallic wavy foil, characterized in that the wavy foil has offset portions where any adjoining two of the wave phases arranged in the axial direction of the honeycomb structure are offset from each other. The base is further characterized in that an oxide coating film has been formed in a given range of these offset portions which includes exposed edge surfaces that are exposed on the gas-inlet side, that the oxide coating film includes 30-99.9 mass % first alumina, with the remainder comprising at least one of second aluminas, Fe oxides, and Cr oxides, that the first alumina comprises -alumina, that the second aluminas comprise one or more of -, -, -, -, -, and -aluminas.

An emission control system includes an emission control device having a plurality of passages to facilitate emission control of an exhaust gas from a vehicle engine. An electromagnetic field generator responds to a control signal by generating an electromagnetic field via a coil to inductively to heat the emission control device, A controller, coupled to the electromagnetic field generator, generates a temperature signal indicating at least one temperature of the emission control device based on a change in impedance in the coil and generates the control signal based on the temperature signal and further based on a reference temperature to control the at least one temperature of the emission control device in accordance with the reference temperature.

A fluid heating component including: a porous body made of ceramics and formed with through channels through which a fluid passes, and a conductive coating layer disposed on a through channel surface of at least a part of each through channel, wherein the conductive coating layer is electrically connected, and is continuous.

A metal substrate for catalytic converter for purifying an exhaust gas includes a honeycomb core with metal flat foil and corrugated foil stacked in layers, and an oxide film having a thickness of 0.1 m or more and 10 m or less is formed in a predetermined range including an exposed end surface exposed toward the gas inlet side. The oxide film contains at least a first alumina including -alumina and a Fe oxide. The -alumina contains -alumina with solid-solved Fe and -alumina with no solid-solved Fe. In the oxide film, the content of the first alumina is 30% by mass or more and 99.5% by mass or less, the content of the Fe oxide is 0.5% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less, and the content of Fe is more than 7% by mass and 35% by mass or less.

A method is disclosed for loading elongate wire lengths into elongate cells of a honeycomb ceramic substrate unit for a gaseous emissions treatment assembly, the cells each having a small cross-sectional area, the area shape matching the cross-sectional shape of the loaded wire lengths and marginally greater in area size than the wire lengths. A wire length is formed with a generally pointed end tip by pulling adjacent parts of a wire along the wire axis respectively in opposite directions from a desired wire breakage site. The tension and timing of the pulling operation are selected so that a desired tip profile is achieved. Initial alignment is done using machine vision. Subsequent adjustment is effected in dependence on feedback from sensors mounted close to the end of a wire insertion arm. Breakage and push insertion of wires is done using alternating gripping and moving of chucks or collets which have aperture shapes close in profile to the outer profile of the wire lengths.

A gaseous emissions treatment assembly has a honeycomb ceramic substrate body with a plurality of cells for passage of exhaust gases. Respective lengths of metal wire are located in a number of the cells. An induction heating coil is mounted adjacent the substrate body for generating a varying electromagnetic field, thereby inductively to heat the lengths of wire and thereby to heat the substrate body.

A heat cover for a particulate matter sensor includes an aluminum foil external layer and an internal layer made from a composition including SiO.sub.2 of between 52-60%, CaO of between 16-25%, and Al.sub.2O.sub.2 of between 12-16%. The heat cover is formed as a sleeve structure and includes an open end for receiving the particulate matter sensor.

A gaseous emissions treatment system has a ceramic substrate body with a plurality of cells for passage therethrough of exhaust gases. An emitter electrode for emitting free electrodes is mounted adjacent one end of the substrate body for intercepting the flowing exhaust gas. A collector electrode for collecting electrons is mounted adjacent the other end of the substrate body for intercepting the flowing exhaust gas. An energizing and control circuit is used to apply a high voltage between the emitter and collector to stimulate the generation of free electrons while avoiding electrical breakdown of the flowing exhaust gas. Molecules and particles in the flowing exhaust gas are ionized and are subjected to electrohyrdrodynamically (EHD) induced forces. The result of the EHD forces is to increase turbulence within the flowing gas which, in turn, increases mass and heat flow in the exhaust gas, thereby to increase reactivity of the gas and to increase heat transfer from the exhaust gas to walls of the ceramic substrate cells.

A golf car includes a frame including main frames and cross members, an undercover that includes a front cover and a rear cover and is supported by the frame, and an engine room including an underside defined by the undercover. The front cover includes a rear end region provided with pawls. The rear cover includes a front end region provided with pawls. All of the pawls are engaged with the cross member. The front cover is fixed to the cross member and the main frames with fasteners, and the rear cover includes a rear end region fixed to the main frames with fasteners. The front cover and the rear cover include water drainage holes.