A mixing chamber for mixing an additive in an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine, having a single-part or multi-part housing which has an entry opening for exhaust gas having a flow cross-section and having a central entry axis, and which has, arranged downstream of the entry opening, an exit opening for exhaust gas having a flow cross-section and having a central exit axis. A flow-guiding element is arranged within the housing between the two openings, wherein the flow-guiding element is tubular and forms at least one channel having a channel axis, said channel having an inlet and having an outlet, via which the entire exhaust gas stream is guided, in a flow direction parallel to the channel axis, to the outlet having an outlet cross-section, and the flow direction deviates relative to the central exit axis by an angle a of between 20 and 80. The mixing chamber is to be designed and arranged in such a way that, with a reduced overall length, an improved distribution of the mixture of exhaust gas and additive over the substrate surface is achieved and at the same time deposits of the additive are avoided. A downstream substrate is provided adjacent to the outlet in the direction of the central exit axis, the downstream substrate having a substrate cross-section that corresponds to the outlet cross-section.

Methods and system are provided for an arrangement having a combustion engine producing an exhaust gas flow, and an exhaust system connected to the combustion engine for receiving the exhaust gas flow, having a particle filter as exhaust gas aftertreatment device, and a feed device positioned to introduce a micro-organism capable of breaking down carbon-containing compounds directly to an exhaust passage receiving the exhaust gas flow.

Technical features are described for an emissions control system for a motor vehicle that includes an internal combustion engine are described. The emissions control system includes a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) device fluidically including an SCR inlet and an SCR outlet. The emissions control system further includes a controller that computes a correction factor for a kinetics model of the SCR device based on an amount of NO and an amount of NOx in the emissions control system. The controller further predicts an amount of NOx output by the SCR device using the kinetics model and the correction factor. The controller further inputs an amount of catalyst into the SCR device based on the predicted amount of NOx. The correction factor is a ratio of the amount of NO and the amount of NOx at the SCR inlet.

The present invention relates to use of a lubrication oil that forms water-soluble ash when combusted in an engine system, where the engine system comprises an internal combustion engine; an exhaust gas system comprising a diesel particulate filter to capture particulate matter from the exhaust gases, including the water-soluble ash; and an exhaust gas conduit to lead exhaust gases from the internal combustion engine to the exhaust gas system, and to collect condensed water formed by a cold start and/or a cold operation of the internal combustion engine and lead the condensed water through the diesel particulate filter, thereby dissolving and removing the water-soluble ash from the diesel particulate filter.

An engine system comprising an internal combustion engine operated by a fuel and lubricated by a lubrication oil comprising at least one additive that renders ash formed by combustion of the lubrication oil ammonia-soluble ash; an exhaust gas system for cleaning an exhaust gas flow from the internal combustion engine , the exhaust gas system comprising a diesel particulate filter to capture particulate matter from the exhaust gases, wherein the particulate matter comprises the ammonia-soluble ash; an exhaust gas conduit to lead exhaust gases from the internal combustion engine through the exhaust gas system; and an injection device to add a solvent comprising ammonia or an ammonia-forming compound into the exhaust gas flow upstream of the diesel particulate filter, wherein the exhaust gas conduit collects the solvent and lead the solvent through the diesel particulate filter, thereby dissolving and thus removing the ammonia-soluble ash from the diesel particulate filter.

Method and system for removal of particles such as soot, ash and heavy metals, and optionally additionally NO.sub.X and SO.sub.X being present in exhaust gas from an engine or process equipment.

A mixing chamber for mixing an additive in an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine includes a housing, a flow-guiding element and a downstream substrate. The flow-guiding element is arranged within the housing between an inlet opening and an outlet opening. The flow-guiding element is tubular and forms a channel including a channel wall, one inlet and one outlet, via which all of the exhaust gas is guided through the channel to the outlet.

Exhaust gas systems include an oxidation catalyst (OC) capable of receiving exhaust gas and oxidizing one or more of combustable hydrocarbons (HC) and one or more nitrogen oxide (NOx) species, a selective catalytic reduction device (SCR) disposed downstream from and in fluid communication with the OC via a conduit, and an electrically heated catalyst (EHC) disposed at least partially within the conduit downstream from the OC and upstream from the SCR. The EHC comprises a heating element having an outer surface including one or more second oxidation catalyst materials capable of oxidizing CO, HC, and one or more NOx species. The OC includes one or more storage materials individually or collectively capable of storing NOx and/or HC species. Exhaust gas can be supplied by an internal combustion engine which can optionally power a vehicle.

The present invention provides for a protective sleeve for use with a reagent injection lance. The protective sleeve includes a tube having a bore therethrough. Further, the tube has a lance receiving end configured to receive a reagent injection lance and an exhaust gas chamber end that extends into an exhaust gas chamber. The tube further includes a shielding air opening located proximate to the lance receiving end and configured to receive shielding air. The shielding air enters into the bore through the shielding air opening, surrounds the lance, protecting it from the heat of the exhaust gas flow. The shielding air exits the bore through the exhaust gas chamber end.

Systems and methods for diagnosing an exhaust aftertreatment system are provided. A method includes: receiving, by a controller and for each sensor of a plurality of sensors, one or more respective degradation level indicators indicative of one or more failure levels of the sensor, each of the one or more degradation level indicators determined using a corresponding performance parameter; receiving, by the controller and for each sensor of the plurality of sensors, one or more diagnosis threshold values; determining, by the controller, a multipoint diagnosis threshold value using the one or more diagnosis threshold values associated with the plurality of sensors; detecting, by the controller, an operational state of the aftertreatment system by comparing a performance value of the aftertreatment system to the multipoint diagnosis threshold value; and causing, by the controller, an indication of the operational state of the aftertreatment system to be displayed on a display device.