An outboard motor is provided with an upper separator disposed on the lower side of an oil case for storing a lubricating oil of an engine, and an extension case which is separably connected on the lower side of the upper separator. The upper separator has a central exhaust passage through which exhaust gas flows, and a cooling water flow part through which cooling water flows on the outside of the central exhaust passage, the central exhaust passage and the cooling water flow part forming an integrated structure. The exhaust gas and the cooling water are caused to mix in the extension case.

The present invention provides a battery temperature control system having a simple configuration and capable of immediately raising a battery temperature by actively using heat generated by an internal combustion engine. The battery temperature control system includes: an engine cooling circuit in which a coolant in an internal combustion engine is circulated between a coolant jacket and a radiator by a coolant pump; an exhaust heat recovery circuit in which a coolant in an EGR cooler that recovers exhaust heat of the internal combustion engine flows; a battery cooler-destined branch circuit that is branched from the engine cooling circuit and goes toward an upstream side of the battery cooler in the battery cooling circuit 11; and a channel switching mechanism that selectively connects a downstream side of at least one of the exhaust heat recovery circuit or the battery cooler-destined branch circuit to the upstream side of the battery cooler in the battery cooling circuit.

Systems, methods, and computer-readable media are disclosed. An example coolant system can be configured in an autonomous vehicle. The system can include a first coolant loop configured with a first series of coolant hoses to communicate a first volume of coolant fluid between a first reservoir, a first coolant pump, a three-way heat exchanger, and a computer system heat exchanger and a second coolant loop configured with a second series of coolant hoses to communicate a second volume of coolant fluid between a second reservoir, a second coolant pump, the three way heat exchanger, and the computer system heat exchanger. The system can further include a third coolant loop configured with a third series of coolant hoses to communicate third volume of coolant fluid between the three-way heat exchanger and an engine heat exchanger of the vehicle.

An EGR cooler includes a tube assembly formed by stacking a plurality of tubes in which exhaust gas flows and a cover plate having a mounting portion formed concavely to mount the tube assembly thereon. A baffle is mounted at the tube assembly and adjusts flow of coolant inflow from a cylinder block. An inlet cover is installed on a first side of an outer surface of the cover plate to supply the exhaust gas to each tube and an outlet cover is installed on a second side of outer surface of the cover plate to exhaust the exhaust gas from each tube. At least one coolant passage in which the coolant flows is formed between the plurality of tubes.

A header assembly for an aftertreatment system includes: a header including: a suction port, and a return port; a first splitting device configured to receive a first flow of reductant from the suction port and to split the first flow into a first inlet flow and a second inlet flow; a second splitting device configured to receive a first outlet flow and a second outlet flow and to provide a second flow to the return port of the header; a first inlet line configured to direct the first inlet flow to a first dosing module; a second inlet line configured to direct the second outlet flow to a second dosing module; a first outlet line configured to direct the first outlet flow to the second splitting device; and a second outlet line configured to direct the second outlet flow to the second splitting device.

Methods and apparatus consistent with the present disclosure may provide electrical energy and thermal to extraction or separation equipment. Methods and apparatus consistent with the present disclosure may extract and concentrate essential elements plant matter. An amount of wasted heat energy collected from a engine that powers an electrical generator may be provided to an evaporation or separation process when electrical power is provided to extraction or separation processing equipment. Computers or electronics that control equipment consistent with the present disclosure may be remotely controlled via a mobile electronic device, when desired. Such computers or electronics may receive sensor data related to the operation of plat matter extractors, related separation equipment, or other equipment may be used to manage a production line. As such, methods and apparatus consistent with the present disclosure may extract essential elements from cannabis plant matter and process those essential elements into cannabis extracts or isolates.

This oil case of an outboard motor is provided below an engine and stores lubricating oil of the engine. In this method for manufacturing the oil case, the oil case is manufactured so as to comprise: an oil chamber; an introduction path that guides upward cooling supply water drawn in from outside the outboard motor; a delivery path that guides downward cooling discharge water that has cooled the engine; a main exhaust path that guides exhaust gas of the engine downward; and a sub exhaust path that guides exhaust gas during low-speed rotation of the engine. The oil chamber, the introduction path, the delivery path, the main exhaust path and the sub exhaust path form an integral structure.

An exhaust heat recovery system applied to an engine system includes a magnetic valve actuator that uses a resistive force against magnetic forces of magnetic elements to decrease a forward movement speed of a push rod made by a wax expansion force of wax that exchanges heat with a coolant passing through an internal space or to decrease a restoring movement speed of the push rod made by a wax contraction force of the wax, or that uses an additional force of the magnetic forces to increase the forward movement speed of the push rod or the restoring movement speed of the push rod.

Methods and apparatus consistent with the present disclosure may provide electrical energy and thermal to extraction or separation equipment. Methods and apparatus consistent with the present disclosure may extract and concentrate essential elements plant matter. An amount of wasted heat energy collected from an engine that powers an electrical generator may be provided to an evaporation or separation process when electrical power is provided to extraction or separation processing equipment. Computers or electronics that control equipment consistent with the present disclosure may be remotely controlled via a mobile electronic device, when desired. Such computers or electronics may receive sensor data related to the operation of plant matter extractors, related separation equipment, or other equipment may be used to manage a production line. As such, methods and apparatus consistent with the present disclosure may extract essential elements from cannabis plant matter and process those essential elements into cannabis extracts or isolates.

Systems, methods, and computer-readable media are disclosed. An example coolant system can be configured in an autonomous vehicle. The system can include a first coolant loop configured with a first series of coolant hoses to communicate a first volume of coolant fluid between a first reservoir, a first coolant pump, a three-way heat exchanger, and a computer system heat exchanger and a second coolant loop configured with a second series of coolant hoses to communicate a second volume of coolant fluid between a second reservoir, a second coolant pump, the three way heat exchanger, and the computer system heat exchanger. The system can further include a third coolant loop configured with a third series of coolant hoses to communicate third volume of coolant fluid between the three-way heat exchanger and an engine heat exchanger of the vehicle.