A direct injection internal combustion engine has an injector for directly injecting fuel into a combustion chamber. A first fuel injection, a second fuel injection, and a third fuel injection are performed in one combustion cycle of the engine when a temperature of the engine is equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature. The second fuel injection is completed in a near-bottom dead center range of 160 deg. to 200 deg. after the top dead center at which the intake stroke starts, the first fuel injection is performed in a range which is set on the advance side of the near-bottom dead center range, and the third fuel injection is performed in a range which is set on the retard side of the near-bottom dead center range. The first and third fuel injections are completed in a range from 90 deg. to 270 deg. after the top dead center.

A direct injection internal combustion engine has an injector for directly injecting fuel into a combustion chamber. A first fuel injection, a second fuel injection, and a third fuel injection are performed in one combustion cycle of the engine when a temperature of the engine is equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature. The second fuel injection is completed in a near-bottom dead center range of 160 deg. to 200 deg. after the top dead center at which the intake stroke starts, the first fuel injection is performed in a range which is set on the advance side of the near-bottom dead center range, and the third fuel injection is performed in a range which is set on the retard side of the near-bottom dead center range. The first and third fuel injections are completed in a range from 90 deg. to 270 deg. after the top dead center.

A uniflow scavenging two-cycle engine includes an scavenging port having a swirling guide portion that guides scavenging gas into a cylinder in a direction inclined with respect to a radial direction of the cylinder, and a center guide portion that is provided to be closer to a crank side of the cylinder than the swirling guide portion and guides the scavenging gas further toward the center side of the cylinder than the swirling guide portion. At least a part of the center guide portion faces a piston when the piston is positioned at bottom dead center during the high compression ratio mode, and the center guide portion and the piston do not face each other or an area of facing the piston is smaller than that during the high compression ratio mode when the piston is positioned at bottom dead center during the low compression ratio mode.

First intake valve and second intake valve for an engine cylinder bore within which a piston reciprocates are arranged side-by-side in a cylinder head for motion in unison along respective intake valve axes. First intake valve axis is nonparallel to the cylinder bore axis. A first intake valve seat for the first intake valve is disposed in a plane which is non-parallel to a plane which is perpendicular to the cylinder bore axis. First intake valve seat has a first semi-circumference toward a second semi-circumference of a second valve seat for second intake valve. At least a portion of first semi-circumference is closer, as measured along a direction parallel to the cylinder bore axis, to a plane passing through the piston perpendicular to the cylinder bore axis than is the second semi-circumference as measured along a direction parallel to the cylinder bore axis.

Self-cooled engine including a cylinder, a cylinder head and a turbo-piston which freely reciprocates inside the cylinder. The cylinder head has a valve that achieves circumferential suction of air-fuel mixture into the cylinder. The valve mechanism is closed and opened by cylindrical cam by means of cam shaft. Circumferential suction of air-fuel mixture enables the cylinder to cool itself and to burn the fuel at the energy center effectively. The force of incoming stream of air-fuel mixture rotates the impeller on the piston which acts as a fan to cool the cylinder walls. The impeller blades deflect the flame from reaching the cylinder walls and acts as a thermal barrier between the energy center and cylinder walls. The high intensity compression swirl (HICS) created at the end of the compression stroke to ensure that the fuel combustion is efficient and instantaneous release of maximum energy.

Self-cooled engine including a cylinder, a cylinder head and a turbo-piston which freely reciprocates inside the cylinder. The cylinder head has a valve that achieves circumferential suction of air-fuel mixture into the cylinder. The valve mechanism is closed and opened by cylindrical cam by means of cam shaft. Circumferential suction of air-fuel mixture enables the cylinder to cool itself and to burn the fuel at the energy center effectively. The force of incoming stream of air-fuel mixture rotates the impeller on the piston which acts as a fan to cool the cylinder walls. The impeller blades deflect the flame from reaching the cylinder walls and acts as a thermal barrier between the energy center and cylinder walls. The high intensity compression swirl (HICS) created at the end of the compression stroke to ensure that the fuel combustion is efficient and instantaneous release of maximum energy.

A four-stroke reciprocating piston internal combustion engine is disclosed. The engine includes an even number of cylinders grouped into a first half and a second half. An exhaust gas turbocharger has a first turbine inlet and a second turbine inlet. Each of the cylinders has an intake duct with an intake opening, a first exhaust duct with a first exhaust opening, and a second exhaust duct with a second exhaust opening. The first half of cylinders is connected via the respective first exhaust ducts to the first turbine inlet and is connected via the second exhaust ducts to the second turbine inlet. The second half of cylinders is connected via the respective first exhaust ducts to the second turbine inlet and is connected via the respective second exhaust ducts to the first turbine inlet. The respective second exhaust openings have a larger diameter than the respective first exhaust openings.

A four-stroke reciprocating piston internal combustion engine is disclosed. The engine includes an even number of cylinders grouped into a first half and a second half. An exhaust gas turbocharger has a first turbine inlet and a second turbine inlet. Each of the cylinders has an intake duct with an intake opening, a first exhaust duct with a first exhaust opening, and a second exhaust duct with a second exhaust opening. The first half of cylinders is connected via the respective first exhaust ducts to the first turbine inlet and is connected via the second exhaust ducts to the second turbine inlet. The second half of cylinders is connected via the respective first exhaust ducts to the second turbine inlet and is connected via the respective second exhaust ducts to the first turbine inlet. The respective second exhaust openings have a larger diameter than the respective first exhaust openings.

An intake manifold is provided that controls swirl on entry to a combustion chamber. Each intake manifold includes a fin or rib portion positioned to reduce or eliminate swirl induced by the configuration of the intake manifold, particularly when used in a large engine having a left bank and a right bank of combustion chambers. By controlling swirl induced by the intake manifold, swirl consistency is improved between engine cylinders and between the left bank and the right bank, improving the consistency of power output and reducing emissions, particularly particulate emissions, also called smoke.

Provided is a control device of an engine that can certainly suppress and avoid pre-ignition. A control device of an engine is an engine control device for controlling the behavior of fuel that is directly injected into a combustion chamber of a cylinder by a tumble flow, and it has an injector that directly injects the fuel into the combustion chamber, an intake port that generates the tumble flow in the combustion chamber, and an ECU that injects the fuel from the injector at a plurality of injection timings including an intake-stroke-early-half injection timing that is set at an early half of the intake stroke of the cylinder, when an operating state of the engine is in a high-load, low-rotation range.