A valve assembly includes a valve body having at least a first bore and a second bore, a flow passage connecting the first bore to the second bore, a plurality of ports opening to each bore respectively, the first bore being upstream of the second bore. First and second spools are disposed in the first and second bores, respectively, for controlling the flow of fluid to and from the respective ports. A check valve is disposed in the flow passage and configured to prevent fluid flow from the second spool towards the first spool through the flow passage while allowing fluid flow from one of the ports in the first bore towards the second spool through the flow passage.

A valve assembly includes a valve body having at least a first bore and a second bore, a flow passage connecting the first bore to the second bore, a plurality of ports opening to each bore respectively, the first bore being upstream of the second bore. First and second spools are disposed in the first and second bores, respectively, for controlling the flow of fluid to and from the respective ports. A check valve is disposed in the flow passage and configured to prevent fluid flow from the second spool towards the first spool through the flow passage while allowing fluid flow from one of the ports in the first bore towards the second spool through the flow passage.

An industrial vehicle includes a hydraulic mechanism, an operation lever, and a pump, a hydraulic control valve unit, a lever operation detector, an internal combustion engine controller, and a valve controller that controls the hydraulic control valve unit. When the lever operation detector detects the operation of the operation lever under a situation in which a speed of the internal combustion engine is less than or equal to a predetermined speed, the valve controller operates the hydraulic control valve unit to discharge the hydraulic oil without supplying the hydraulic oil to the hydraulic mechanism and instructs the internal combustion engine controller to increase the speed of the internal combustion engine, and subsequently operates the hydraulic control valve unit to supply the hydraulic mechanism with the hydraulic oil.

The present invention relates to a gas inlet system for an analytical apparatus. The gas inlet system comprises switchable flow restrictions for regulating gas flow rate. The invention also provides a system for calibrating gas flow rate in gas inlet systems, the system comprising a calibration line that comprises a gas flow meter, and that is arranged downstream of gas flow controllers in the gas inlet system. Methods of adjusting gas flow rates and methods of calibrating gas flow rates are also provided.

A system for detecting a type of hydraulic device. The system includes a hydraulic device. The system also includes a power supply having an engine and a controller. The controller is configured to detect a voltage of a signal from the hydraulic device, to categorize the signal as a type of signal of multiple types of signals based on the voltage, and to control a hydraulic output based on the voltage and the type of the signal.

A system for detecting a type of hydraulic device. The system includes a hydraulic device. The system also includes a power supply having an engine and a controller. The controller is configured to detect a voltage of a signal from the hydraulic device, to categorize the signal as a type of signal of multiple types of signals based on the voltage, and to control a hydraulic output based on the voltage and the type of the signal.

A system for detecting a type of hydraulic device. The system includes a hydraulic device. The system also includes a power supply having an engine and a controller. The controller is configured to detect a voltage of a signal from the hydraulic device, to categorize the signal as a type of signal of multiple types of signals based on the voltage, and to control a hydraulic output based on the voltage and the type of the signal.

A system for detecting a type of hydraulic device. The system includes a hydraulic device. The system also includes a power supply having an engine and a controller. The controller is configured to detect a voltage of a signal from the hydraulic device, to categorize the signal as a type of signal of multiple types of signals based on the voltage, and to control a hydraulic output based on the voltage and the type of the signal.

A system is described for positioning and locking in place a nozzle within a cylindrical bore of a body, and a method for positioning and locking in place a nozzle within a cylindrical bore of a body is also described. The system has a nozzle having a tubular shape extending between a first end and a second end with an outer cylindrical surface and an inner surface, said inner surface comprising a thread. The system also has a locking member provided within said nozzle and comprising an outer circumferential surface having a thread that corresponds to the thread of the inner surface of the nozzle. The system also has means for providing torque to said locking member to screw said locking member into and within said nozzle via said threaded surfaces to thereby create a press-fit between said outer cylindrical surface and an inner surface of said cylindrical bore.

In a hydraulic drive system, hydraulic oil discharged from an actuator pump is supplied to an actuator via an actuator drive circuit. In the hydraulic drive system, the hydraulic oil discharged from a fan pump is supplied to a cooling fan motor via a fan drive circuit, and the cooling fan motor rotates a cooling fan at a rotational speed corresponding to the flow rate of the hydraulic oil supplied to the cooling fan motor. A merge circuit connects the actuator drive circuit and the fan drive circuit to each other to cause the hydraulic oil flowing through the actuator drive circuit to merge into the hydraulic oil flowing through the fan drive circuit. When the merge condition is satisfied, the controller controls the merge circuit to connect the actuator drive circuit and the fan drive circuit to each other.