A gas spring assembly includes an end member, a piston assembly and a flexible sleeve secured therebetween. An end closure secures an end of the flexible sleeve to the piston assembly. A connector fitting connects the end closure to a support post of the piston assembly. The connector fitting includes a fitting passage and a first annular groove. A jounce bumper assembly is supported on the connector fitting. The jounce bumper assembly includes a bumper body and a bumper mount. The bumper mount includes securement pin having a second annular groove. A retaining member is received within the first and second annular grooves such that the jounce bumper assembly can freely rotate relative to the connector fitting while substantially restricting axial displacement of the jounce bumper assembly relative to the piston assembly during such rotation.

End members (202, 204) dimensioned for securement to an associated flexible wall (206) of a rail spring assembly (200) can include an end member body formed from a polymeric material and can have a longitudinal axis (AX). The end member body can include an end wall (232) that extends transverse to the longitudinal axis. An outer side wall (234) can extend longitudinally from along the end wall. An outer peripheral wall (264) can extend from along the outer side wall and can be dimensioned to abuttingly engage the associated flexible wall. A plurality of support walls (272) can extend between and operatively interconnect the outer side wall and the outer peripheral wall and thereby buttress at least the outer peripheral wall against loads applied by the associated flexible wall. Gas spring assemblies including one or more of such end members and suspension systems for rail vehicles including one or more of such gas spring assemblies are also included.

Embodiments of isolators, such as three parameter isolators, including a main spring linear guide system are provided. In one embodiment, the isolator includes first and second opposing end portions, a main spring mechanically coupled between the first and second end portions, and a linear guide system extending from the first end portion, across the main spring, and toward the second end portion. The linear guide system expands and contracts in conjunction with deflection of the main spring along the working axis, while restricting displacement and rotation of the main spring along first and second axes orthogonal to the working axis.

A boom vibration control device includes a fluid pressure cylinder provided between a boom and a boom support body, the fluid pressure cylinder biasing the boom in one rotating direction and a metal spring provided between the boom and the boom support body, the metal spring biasing the boom in the other rotating direction.

A damper for a pedal of a vehicle, comprising a hollow body for receiving a medium and a valve. The body is compressible or expandable from an idle position. The valve is designed to allow the medium to flow into and/or out of the body. The inflow and/or the outflow of the medium being controlled by the valve such that during the compression of the body from the idle position, the outflow of the medium takes place rapidly and, upon the return to the idle position, the inflow of the medium takes place slowly or such that during the expansion of the body from the idle position, the inflow of the medium takes place rapidly and, upon the return to the idle position, the outflow of the medium takes place slowly. A pedal and system are also provided.

An object of the present invention is to reduce the size of a shock absorber, and to facilitate adjusting of the damping amount of the shock absorber. The shock absorber 10 has an outer tube 11 and an inner tube 15, wherein a piston rod 14 projects from a base end of the outer tube 11, and a rotative operating part 19 provided in the inner tube 15 projects from a base end of the outer tube 11. An annular piston 27 separates a liquid accommodating chamber 16 into a shock absorbing chamber 28 and an accumulator chamber 29. A flow-rate adjusting hole 48 of the outer tube 11 is composed of a contact surface 51 and an eccentric surface 52. A bypass channel 53 communicating with a communication hole 49 is formed between the eccentric surface 52 and the inner tube 15.

Included are: a first supporting member; a second supporting member arranged to be spaced away from the first supporting member in a main load direction; an elastically deformable diaphragm forming a closed space by connecting the first supporting member and the second supporting member; a detection unit detecting a change of a relative distance between the first supporting member and the second supporting member, and producing a mechanical output of the change of the relative distance; and a controlling member capable of discharging air in an inside of the closed space S to an outside of the closed space S in response to the mechanical output from the detection unit. Thereby, an air spring having a mechanism for suppressing an abnormal rise of a vehicle height without deteriorating the diaphragm can be provided.

An air spring (2) includes: an upper surface plate (21); a lower surface plate (22); an elastic film (23) airtightly coupling a peripheral portion of the upper surface plate (21) and a peripheral portion of the lower surface plate (22) to each other to form an air chamber (24) inside the elastic film (23); an elastic stopper (25) connected to the lower surface plate (22); and at least one of an internal pipe (45) or internal wire (55) extending from an upper surface of the upper surface plate (21) to a side surface of the elastic stopper (25). A part of a pipe and/or wire extending between a carbody (11) and a bogie (1) of a railcar (100) is constituted by the internal pipe (45) and/or internal wire (55) of the air spring (2).

A system for mitigating an impact force is provided. The system a helmet having a face mask attached thereto, and the face mask includes a first portion; and a second portion. The first portion and the second portion are separated by a gap and held together via a biasing member. A force received by the first portion is at least partially transferred to the second portion via the biasing member, wherein a fraction of the transferred force is returned to the first portion, the fraction being less than the force received.

A system for mitigating an impact force is provided. The system a helmet having a face mask attached thereto, and the face mask includes a first portion; and a second portion. The first portion and the second portion are separated by a gap and held together via a biasing member. A force received by the first portion is at least partially transferred to the second portion via the biasing member, wherein a fraction of the transferred force is returned to the first portion, the fraction being less than the force received.