A sliding member includes a base substrate and a coating layer formed on the base substrate. The coating layer includes a copper alloy part derived from a plurality of precipitation hardening copper alloy particles. The copper alloy parts are bonded to each other via interfaces between the copper alloy parts. The copper alloy part contains nickel and silicon as additive elements. The copper alloy part contains 2 to 5 percent by mass of nickel.

A sliding member for an internal combustion engine includes the sliding member at a sliding part of the internal combustion engine.

A supporting arrangement for an eccentric member (8) of an adjusting arrangement (6) of a connecting rod (2) of a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine having at least one piston rod (18) that is guided displaceably by a piston (20) and a seal member (24) is connected to the supporting piston (20) in a supporting cylinder (12, 14) which is provided in the connecting rod (2) and has a longitudinal axis (16). The supporting piston (20) enclosing at least one cylinder chamber (22) with the supporting cylinder (12, 14). A side (28) of the the supporting piston (20) that is directed toward the cylinder chamber (22) has a brake piston (30) that can be moved in the longitudinal axis (16). The brake piston (30) is mounted on the supporting piston (20) and can be prestressed by a spring (32).

A piston unit of a working cylinder includes a piston rod that has an outer thread on a piston-side coupling portion. A piston has an axial bore which has an inner thread and in which the piston rod is received. The outer thread and the inner thread define a common thread portion. The outer thread and the inner thread have a complementary conicity and a complementary thread geometry. The conicity has a conicity angle alpha of 0.3 to 5 degrees. The outer thread and the inner thread abut one another in a coupling end position in the thread portion in a gap and define a sealing plane. The outer thread and the inner thread have, in the thread portion in the coupling end position, an elastic deformation within the elastic limit of the piston rod and the piston. The elastic deformation is brought about by a surface pressure via a tightening torque. The piston rod and the piston are radially and axially fixed to one another without play in the coupling end position by the elastic deformation, and the elastic deformation is within the elastic limit both with and without an application of pressure by a pressure medium in the working cylinder.

A piston unit of a working cylinder includes a piston rod that has an outer thread on a piston-side coupling portion. A piston has an axial bore which has an inner thread and in which the piston rod is received. The outer thread and the inner thread define a common thread portion. The outer thread and the inner thread have a complementary conicity and a complementary thread geometry. The conicity has a conicity angle alpha of 0.3 to 5 degrees. The outer thread and the inner thread abut one another in a coupling end position in the thread portion in a gap and define a sealing plane. The outer thread and the inner thread have, in the thread portion in the coupling end position, an elastic deformation within the elastic limit of the piston rod and the piston. The elastic deformation is brought about by a surface pressure via a tightening torque. The piston rod and the piston are radially and axially fixed to one another without play in the coupling end position by the elastic deformation, and the elastic deformation is within the elastic limit both with and without an application of pressure by a pressure medium in the working cylinder.

A cylinder unit includes a piston disposed in the cylinder bore that is connected to a piston connecting frame member. The piston connecting frame member replaces a conventional connecting rod, and reciprocates exclusively along the bore axis. A crank connecting member has a linear rail at its top that is captured in a transverse gap along the bottom of the piston connecting frame member, and converts the circular movement of a crank throw to linear motion of the piston connecting frame member.

A cylinder unit includes a piston disposed in the cylinder bore that is connected to a piston connecting frame member. The piston connecting frame member replaces a conventional connecting rod, and reciprocates exclusively along the bore axis. A crank connecting member has a linear rail at its top that is captured in a transverse gap along the bottom of the piston connecting frame member, and converts the circular movement of a crank throw to linear motion of the piston connecting frame member.

A wear sleeve is removably mounted on a piston rod. The piston rod includes a piston cap, a piston rod body, and a piston head, with at least one of the piston cap and the piston head being removable from the piston rod body. The wear sleeve is disposed over the piston rod body and prevents the piston rod from contacting dynamic seals disposed within a pump. The wear sleeve is mechanically secured in a cylindrical recess on the piston rod between a cap shoulder of the piston cap and a head shoulder of the piston head.

A wear sleeve is removably mounted on a piston rod. The piston rod includes a piston cap, a piston rod body, and a piston head, with at least one of the piston cap and the piston head being removable from the piston rod body. The wear sleeve is disposed over the piston rod body and prevents the piston rod from contacting dynamic seals disposed within a pump. The wear sleeve is mechanically secured in a cylindrical recess on the piston rod between a cap shoulder of the piston cap and a head shoulder of the piston head.

A piston assembly includes a piston head for reciprocating back and forth within a cylinder of an engine, an upper rod coupled to the piston head at one longitudinal end of the upper rod and fixed relative to the piston head, and a lower rod rotatably coupled to an opposite longitudinal end of the upper rod, the lower rod configured to pivot about the opposite longitudinal end of the upper rod. The lower rod is configured to couple to a crankshaft at a longitudinal end of the lower rod opposite the upper rod. Methods of forming a piston assembly and engines incorporating such piston assemblies are also disclosed.

A piston includes a piston cap and a piston rod with the piston cap being removable from the piston rod body. The piston cap includes a cap body and a socket extending into the cap body. A mounting portion of the piston rod body extends into the socket of the cap body to connect the piston rod body to the piston cap. A wear sleeve is mounted on the piston rod.