Transforming any heat sources to electric power, comprising a closed-cycle charged refrigerant loop. Low-pressure refrigerant fluid is pumped at 10 to 15 degrees F. higher of the ambient temperature through a heat exchanger heated by the heat of the gas outlet from the expander then to the boiler (heat exchanger) to boil the refrigerant liquid into a high-pressure and high temperature superheated by a few deg. F. gas (depending on the kind of refrigerant). Heated/pressurized refrigerant gas is inlet into an expander to power an output shaft during the expansion of the pressurized to a cooled gas. Cooled gaseous refrigerant with still high temperature is inlet to small heat exchanger to heat up the pumped liquid refrigerant before inlet to the boiler. The lowered temperature gas is condensed in condenser to liquid at low pressure and 10 to 15 degrees F. higher of ambient temperature media, and recycled by a pump to the heat exchangers. The refrigerant gas mass flow pressure drop spins the expander shaft for direct mechanical power take-off, or coupling to a synchronous or inductive generator to produce electricity. The electricity can be used locally, stored or fed to the grid.

A method for electrical energy storage with co-production of liquefied methaneous gas which comprises in combination the processes of charging the storage with liquid air through its production using an externally powered compressor train and open air auto-refrigeration cycle, storing the produced liquid air and discharging the storage through pumping, regasifying, superheating and expanding the stored air with production of on-demand power, and additionally includes a process of recovering the cold thermal energy released by regasified liquid air for controlled liquefying the methaneous gas delivered into energy storage facility at a rate and pressure consistent with those of liquid air.

A door apparatus includes a door frame, a boom mounted rotatably to the door frame, a truck mounted reciprocally to the boom, and a door mounted rotatably to the truck. The door is in a closed position received by the door frame, when the boom is rotated toward the door frame and the Door is rotated to an infacing position relative to the door frame. The door is in an open position withdrawn from the door frame, when the boom is rotated away from the door frame. The truck is disabled from reciprocating along the boom and the door is disabled from rotating, when the door is in the closed position. The truck is enabled for reciprocating along the boom and the door is enabled for rotating, when the door is in the open position.

The present application provides a method of evaluating valve spindle leakage and guide deformation in a turbine by a data acquisition system. The method may include receiving a number of operating parameters from a number of sensors, generating a friction hysteresis curve based on the operating parameters, determining a friction characteristic based on the friction hysteresis curve, comparing the friction characteristic to previous friction characteristics, and altering one or more of the operating parameters and/or initiating repair procedures if the friction characteristic is increasing and/or exceeds a predetermined value.

Methods and systems for reducing carbon dioxide emissions from a coal-fired power plant by using electrical energy from a renewable energy source to increase the energy density in a beneficiated coal are provided. The system includes at least one renewable energy source; a coal processing plant, wherein the renewable energy source is configured to power a coal beneficiation process; and a coal-fired power plant to combust beneficiated coal to produce electricity on demand with decreased emissions. The non-carbon thermal energy source may include solar thermal energy, geothermal energy, waste energy and combinations of the foregoing.

Methods and systems for reducing carbon dioxide emissions from a coal-fired power plant by using thermal energy from a non-carbon source to reduce the amount of electrical energy needed to reduce the moisture content of coal and increase the energy density of coal prior to combustion are provided. The system includes at least one non-carbon thermal energy source; a coal processing plant configured to reduce the moisture content of coal and produce an increased energy density beneficiated coal, wherein said at least one non-carbon thermal energy source is used to reduce an electrical need of the coal processing plant; and a coal-fired power plant configured to combust the increased energy density beneficiated coal thereby producing electricity on demand at an increased efficiency with reduced carbon dioxide emissions from the plant. The renewable energy source is selected from microwave, hydroelectric power, solar power, wind power, and/or wave power.

Systems and methods to reduce the emissions of carbon dioxide associated with coal fired power plants by using electricity from a nuclear power plant to power a coal processing plant that reduces the moisture content of coal resulting in an increased energy density beneficiated coal are provided. The system includes a source of electricity from a nuclear power plant; a coal processing plant configured to reduce the moisture content of the coal by a beneficiation process to produce an increased energy density coal; and a coal-fired power plant configured to convert the increased energy density coal to electricity on demand at a higher efficiency with reduced emissions of carbon dioxide.

A drag chain carbonizer is provided with a system and methods for anaerobic thermal conversion processing to convert waste into various solid carbonized products and varied further co-products. The drag-chain carbonizer includes an adjustable bed depth mechanism, a heating mechanism, a pressure management mechanism, an atmospheric management mechanism, and a chain tensioning mechanism containing at least one position sensor for communication of an actuator position to at least one programmable logic controller (PLC). Carbonaceous waste is transformed into useful co-products that can be re-introduced into the stream of commerce at various economically advantageous points. Depending upon the input materials and the parameters selected to process the waste, including real time economic and other market parameters, the system adjusts co-products output to reflect changing market conditions.

A system includes a controller including a memory storing instructions and a processor that executes the instructions. The instructions cause the controller to control a steam turbine system coupled to a power generation system to release steam during deceleration of a gas turbine. The instructions cause the controller to receive a first temperature of the gas turbine and a rotational speed of the gas turbine. The instructions cause the controller to calculate an exhaust flow rate of the power generation system based on at least the first input signal and the second input signal. The instructions cause the controller to control the power generation system to isolate a fuel source from the gas turbine at a portion of normal operating speed of the gas turbine sufficient to achieve a predetermined purging volume during coast down of air flow through the power generation system based on the exhaust flow rate.

System for electrical energy generation from steam comprising at least one stage, each stage including: a steam-driven rotating toroidal ring; a housing comprising a toroidal cavity for containing the rotating toroidal ring, the housing further comprising at least one steam inlet, the housing further comprising a plurality of steam outlets for removing pressurized steam from the channels for at least a second portion of rotation of the rotating toroidal ring within the toroidal cavity; at least one bearing arrangement comprised by or attached to the housing within the toroidal cavity; and at least one pair of electrical coils, each electrical coil located on the outer surface of the housing at locations diagonally opposite from the other coil of each pair across the axis of the minor radius of the toroidal cavity and within the specific region where a time-varying magnetic field will occur as the rotating toroidal ring rotates.