A burner includes a porous flame holder configured to support a combustion reaction to achieve a very low output of oxides of nitrogen (NOx).

A combustion chamber with a jacket arranged around a principal axis of the combustion chamber, a ceramic tube that is arranged inside the jacket, wherein an intermediate layer is arranged between the jacket and the ceramic tube. The jacket is at least partially conical. The ceramic tube is under axial stress in the jacket along the principal axis. The ceramic tube is an assembly of multiple heat shield segments. The heat shield segments each have a hot side that is designed to come into contact with a hot medium, a cold side that is opposite the hot side and is oriented toward the jacket, and a circumferential rim between the hot side and the cold side. In the cold state, individual heat shield segments of a segment row have, on the rim, bearing surfaces that the adjoin the cold side and gaps that open toward the hot gas side.

An infrared radiation heater includes: a combustion chamber having a combustion space that is open on one side; a combustion device provided in the combustion chamber to combust air-fuel mixture made by mixing fuel with air; and a radiator configured to be heated by heat generated from the combustion device and including a radiation plane configured to emit infrared radiation. The combustion device includes: a nozzle provided in a flow path of the air to inject the fuel; a tubular body including a side surface that faces a direction with a predetermined angle with respect to the radiation plane, and a plurality of voids being formed on the side surface; and an ignition device provided outside of the tubular body and configured to ignite the air-fuel mixture. The air-fuel mixture flows into the tubular body, and the tubular body releases the air-fuel mixture from the voids into the combustion chamber.

A radiant heater includes a generally U-shaped radiative heating element having a first straight section, a second straight section, and an interconnecting U-shaped section. The non-connected end of the first straight section is arranged for communication with a burner and the non-connected end of the second straight section is arranged for communication with an extractor for extracting combustion gases from the tube. A redirecting element including opposed helical vanes, each executing a 180° turn about a central, common tube, is arranged within the first straight section so as to redirect, in use, at least a portion of the combusted gases flowing within the upper half of the tube towards the lower half, and gases flowing in the lower half towards the upper half.

The present disclosure includes air spinners for use in duct burners, and duct burners and duct burner kits including a plurality of air spinners. Air spinners may include a plurality of blades extending radially outward from a fuel path and configured to impart rotation to air flowing between the blades, where the air spinner is configured to be coupled to a fuel runner of a duct burner such that the air spinner encircles a fuel outlet of the fuel runner with the axis of the fuel path extending at a non-parallel angle from an axis of the fuel runner. Duct burners can comprise a plurality of air spinners coupled to a plurality of fuel runners. Duct burner kits can comprise a plurality of air spinners configured to be coupled (e.g., without welding) to a plurality of fuel runners.

A high efficiency heating apparatus for heating fluids and cooking mediums, such as oil or shortening within a fryer, includes a natural draft (non powered) combustion chamber with internal baffles that is affixed to an exterior surface of a fry tank.

A high efficiency heating apparatus for heating fluids and cooking mediums, such as oil or shortening within a fryer, includes a natural draft (non powered) combustion chamber with internal baffles that is affixed to an exterior surface of a fry tank.

The present disclosure includes air spinners for use in duct burners, and duct burners and duct burner kits including a plurality of air spinners. Air spinners may include a plurality of blades extending radially outward from a fuel path and configured to impart rotation to air flowing between the blades, where the air spinner is configured to be coupled to a fuel runner of a duct burner such that the air spinner encircles a fuel outlet of the fuel runner with the axis of the fuel path extending at a non-parallel angle from an axis of the fuel runner. Duct burners can comprise a plurality of air spinners coupled to a plurality of fuel runners. Duct burner kits can comprise a plurality of air spinners configured to be coupled (e.g., without welding) to a plurality of fuel runners.

Combustion burner panels, submerged combustion melters including one or more of the panels, and methods of using the same are disclosed. In certain embodiments, the burner panel includes a panel body having a first major surface defined by a lower fluid-cooled portion of the panel body, and a second major surface defined by an upper non-fluid cooled portion of the panel body. The panel body has at least one through passage extending from the first to the second major surface, the through passages accommodating a set of substantially concentric inner and outer conduits. The inner conduit forms a primary passage for fuel or oxidant, and the outer conduit forms a secondary passage between the outer conduit and the inner conduit for fuel or oxidant. A protective member is associated with each set. The burner panels promote burner life and melter campaign length.

The present disclosure includes air spinners for use in duct burners, and duct burners and duct burner kits including a plurality of air spinners. Air spinners may include a plurality of blades extending radially outward from a fuel path and configured to impart rotation to air flowing between the blades, where the air spinner is configured to be coupled to a fuel runner of a duct burner such that the air spinner encircles a fuel outlet of the fuel runner with the axis of the fuel path extending at a non-parallel angle from an axis of the fuel runner. Duct burners can comprise a plurality of air spinners coupled to a plurality of fuel runners. Duct burner kits can comprise a plurality of air spinners configured to be coupled (e.g., without welding) to a plurality of fuel runners.