A heat sink includes a heat conduction portion and a heat dissipation portion. The heat conduction portion is a flat plate with two main surfaces parallel with each other and a plurality of side surfaces. One of the two main surfaces is a contacting surface contacting a heat source. The heat dissipation portion is extended outward from at least one of the plurality of side surfaces of the heat conduction portion. The heat dissipation portion includes a plurality of first branches and a plurality of second branches. Each of the first branches is a flat plate and has two opposite main surfaces and four side surfaces. The two opposite main surfaces of each of the first branches are parallel to the two main surfaces of the heat conduction portion. The second branches are extended from the first branches and parallel to the heat conduction portion.

A cooling device for dissipating heat from an object. The cooling device comprises a base part arranged for contact with the object, and fins attached to and protruding from the base part in a direction substantially away from the object when in use. The fins are arranged in a first configuration adapted for heat dissipation by natural convection of air and in a second configuration adapted for heat dissipation by forced convection of ambient air movement such as wind. Thereby, the cooling device can provide ample or at least adequate cooling effect on the object both when there is more or less ambient air movement chiefly using the second configuration, and when the ambient air is not moving chiefly using the first configuration.

A heat exchanger includes a shell, a coiled tube, and a swirler. The shell has an inlet and an outlet and forms a cavity. A first of a liquid refrigerant and a vapor refrigerant enters the inlet of the shell. The coiled tube is positioned within the cavity and is connected to an inlet tube from outside the shell and an outlet tube to outside the shell. A second of the liquid refrigerant and the vapor refrigerant enters the inlet tube of the coiled tube. The swirler is arranged adjacent the inlet of the shell and is dimensioned to distribute the first of the liquid refrigerant and the vapor refrigerant across the coiled tube.

Block apparatus for use with oxidizers are disclosed. An example apparatus includes a converter including a block having a plurality of channels extending therethrough. The channels define a cellular pattern including at least one central channel and a plurality of surrounding channels. Protrusions extend into the channels from respective inner surfaces of the channels. The inner surfaces are defined by respective peripheral walls.

A heat exchange apparatus that can satisfactorily discharge a liquid that is a liquid condensed when a gas is cooled is achieved. A heat exchange apparatus 1 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure exchange heat between a gas flowing through a first flow path and a fluid flowing through a second flow path. The heat exchange apparatus includes offset fins disposed along a circumferential surface of the first flow path, and a discharge path extended in an extending direction of the first flow path at a lower part of the first flow path and configured to discharge a liquid condensed from the gas by being cooled through heat exchange with the fluid. The discharge path becomes lower toward one side of the first flow path in the extending direction.

A counter-flow fin plate heat exchanger for gas-to-gas heat exchange includes several outer channel fins, an outer channel bending plate, an inner channel fin and an inner channel bending plate. The outer channel bending plate is a flat plate with two sides bending upward vertically. The inner channel bending plate is a cuboid box without a cap on the top, and the top of the inner channel bending plate is hermetically fixed with the bottom of the outer channel bending plate. The several outer channel fins are arranged in parallel inside the outer channel bending plate. The inner channel fins are arranged inside the inner channel bending plate. Ends of a side surface corresponding to two long sides of the inner channel bending plate are respectively provided with an opening, and the two openings are respectively disposed at different ends of the two side surfaces.

There is provided a thermal energy storage system suitable for use with systems adapted to transfer heat from at least one heat source to at least one heat sink (heat transfer system), comprising at least one thermal energy storage unit. There is additionally provided a thermal energy storage system for use with a heat pump, or vapour compression refrigeration systems, a method of defrosting evaporators without affecting the energy delivered in the condenser before the defrosting cycle, and system architecture for defrosting evaporators in heat pumps or in vapour compression refrigeration systems.

An exothermal vaporizer is provided. The exothermal vaporizer has a body including an air and vapor mix port, a fluid inlet port in communication with a reservoir, an air inlet, and a wicking material. A mouthpiece is coupled to the body and a temperature indicating cap is removable from the body. A counter flow design exothermal vaporizer, a modular exothermal vaporizer, and a vaporizer which is adjustable to modulate and/or regulate the flow ratio of dilution air and produced vapor are also disclosed.

A cooling apparatus for an electrical component housing includes a fin configured to attach to the electrical component housing so as to conduct heat and cool the electrical component housing. The fin includes a first longitudinal portion and a second longitudinal portion, a first end, and a second end portion connecting the first and second longitudinal portions at a second end, the first longitudinal portion and the second longitudinal portion being disposed at a predetermined siatnce from each other at the first end, and the second end portion having a width that is greater than the predetermined distance.

A microenvironmental cooling system is disclosed. The microenvironmental system includes a pressure box or a pressure source upstream of an evaporator. Downstream of an evaporator is a personal cooling device, which is adapted to lay adjacent or on the skin of the user. The evaporator includes an evaporator coil (having fins and a coolant tube) and a housing and walls configured to direct the airflow through the housing, in several embodiments, multiple times across the longitudinal axis fins of the coil.