A system of spacecraft radiators comprising pre-formed thermal-transfer modules joined together by at least one solid-state welding process. Critical failure points are eliminated by forming the thermal-transfer modules as a single unitary piece, preferably by an extrusion process. The thermal-transfer modules allow the formation of larger radiator assemblies, which may comprise a wide range of sizes and physical geometries.

Embodiments of the present invention disclose a liquid cooling apparatus, which includes a cold plate (202), a fast connector (204), and a first interface (2011), where the fast connector (204) includes a first connector (2041) and a second connector (2042), where the first connector (2041) is fixedly connected to the cold plate (202); the first interface (2011) is configured to connect to a second interface (2012) corresponding to the first interface; and the liquid cooling apparatus further includes a guide rail (203), where the guide rail (203) is a moving rail of the second connector (2042), and when the first connector (2041) and the second connector (2042) are in a connected state and the second connector (2042) is located at an end on the guide rail (203) that is close to a board (201), a distance between the first interface (2011) and the second interface (2012) is greater than 0.

A heat exchanger includes a substrate and a coating covering at least part of a surface of the substrate. The coating includes a hydrophobic coating. The heat exchanger defines channels for fluid circulation. The hydrophobic coating includes a low surface energy silane-based material and a filler dispersed in the low surface energy silane-based material. The filler includes two types of particles of which each has a shape. The shapes of the two types of particles are different. A composite material for the heat exchanger and a manufacturing method for the heat exchanger are disclosed.

A heat exchanger has a channel for fluid flow. The heat exchanger includes a matrix and a coating layer coated on a surface of the matrix, the coating layer includes a hydrophobic coating layer, and the hydrophobic coating layer includes a low surface energy silane material and corrosion inhibiting particles. The low surface energy silane material in synergy with the corrosion inhibiting particles provides the heat exchanger with excellent corrosion resistance. A composite material includes a low surface energy silane material and corrosion inhibiting particles, so as to improve the corrosion resistance of the heat exchanger. The manufacturing method of the heat exchanger is also provided.

Some embodiments include a thermal management plane. The thermal management plane may include a top casing comprising a polymer material; a top encapsulation layer disposed on the top casing; a bottom casing comprising a polymer material; a bottom encapsulation layer disposed on the bottom casing; a hermetical seal coupling the bottom casing with the top casing; a wicking layer disposed between the bottom casing and the top casing; and a plurality of spacers disposed between the top casing and the bottom casing within the vacuum core, wherein each of the plurality of spacers have a low thermal conduction. In some embodiments, the thermal management plane has a thickness less than about 200 microns.

A tube (2) of a heat exchanger (1) is intended to allow an exchange of heat between a first fluid and a second fluid flowing in contact with the tube (2). The tube (2) comprises an upper plate (22) and a lower plate (21) positioned facing one another and defining an internal space (25) in the tube (2) in which the first fluid is able to circulate. Each of the plates (21, 22) comprises a bottom (23) and at least one edge (24). The plates (21, 22) are in contact with one another at the edge (24). The tube (2) comprises a deflection screen (30) secured to the edge (24), with the deflection screen (30) comprising a first wall (31) extending transversely to the bottoms (23) and arranged to deflect the second fluid toward the bottoms (23). The invention also relates to a bundle of such tubes and to a heat exchanger comprising such a bundle, and to a method for producing a heat exchanger tube plate.

A heat exchanger core includes: a first passage row which is formed by a plurality of first passages; a plurality of first dividing walls separating the plurality of first passages from each other; a second passage row which is disposed adjacent to the first passage row and is formed by a plurality of second passages; a plurality of second dividing walls separating the plurality of second passages from each other; and a partition wall located between the first passage row and the second passage row, and separating the plurality of first passages and the plurality of second passages. (a) The partition wall has a greater section modulus in an orthogonal direction than either the first dividing wall or the second partition, or (b) a constituent material of the partition wall has a greater breaking strength than a constituent material of either the first dividing wall or the second dividing wall.

A heat transfer surface monitoring (HTSM) system and cell for direct detection and monitoring of fouling, scaling, corrosion, and pitting of heat transfer surfaces. The system has a heat transfer plate (HTP) that has a heat transfer monitoring surface (HTMS). The system also includes an edge-lit light guide and light source to illuminate the HTMS, a fluid flow channel module, a heating/cooling module, a surface imaging module to view the HTMS, and a system controller. The environment is controlled to mimic the environment within heat exchange equipment, which are indicative of the changes inside heat exchange equipment. Output of signals relating to the HTMS are used as a guide mitigate problems related to the monitored heat exchange equipment. The system can also use a heat exchanger cylindrical tube with slit light guides along the tube, and the surface imaging module views the inner surface of the heat exchanger cylindrical tube.

A heat exchanger made up of a plate pair defining a flow passage. The flow passage fluidly coupled to a fluid inlet at a first end and a fluid outlet at a second end for flow of fluid from the fluid inlet to the fluid outlet. The heat exchanger further contains a structural support element sandwiched between the plate pair. The structural support element has a first structural support element aperture and one or more channels extending from the first structural support element aperture to a peripheral edge of the structural support element, and wherein the structural support element is positioned circumferentially around the fluid inlet with the first structural support element aperture aligned with the fluid inlet, with the channels permitting flow of the fluid from the fluid inlet to the flow passage.

A steam conditioning system for discharging bypass steam into a condenser of a steam powered generating plant and other uses. The system includes a steam conditioning device comprising an inner evaporative core and an outer shell. The core may be formed of a tubular piping section disposed at least partially inside the outer shell forming an annular space therebetween. An inlet end of the core receives steam from a piping header fluidly connected to an upstream desuperheating pressure reducing station which injects liquid coolant into the steam stream. Steam discharges through the core outlet end into the outer shell, reverses direction, and flows into the condenser. In one embodiment, the steam conditioning device may be disposed inside the dome of the condenser except for the inlet end. The device intends to increase flow residence time to evaporate entrained carryover coolant droplets in the incoming steam before release to the condenser.