A radiometric measuring device for determining a mass flow of a bulk material on a conveyor belt including, at least one detector which is configured to detect at least part of radiation of at least one radiation source the emits the radiation in a direction of the bulk material on the conveyor belt, the radiation having at least partially passed through the bulk material and the conveyor belt, at least one evaluation circuit which is configured to determine the mass flow of the bulk material based on the detected radiation; at least one storage means which is set up to store at least one measured value equation, the measured value equation mapping a relationship between the detected radiation and the mass flow, at least one electronic calculation means which is set up to determine, based on at least one calibration measurement without bulk material on the conveyor belt, a correction equation with which the measured value equation is corrected.

A radiometric measuring device for determining a mass flow of a bulk material on a conveyor belt including, at least one detector which is configured to detect at least part of radiation of at least one radiation source the emits the radiation in a direction of the bulk material on the conveyor belt, the radiation having at least partially passed through the bulk material and the conveyor belt, at least one evaluation circuit which is configured to determine the mass flow of the bulk material based on the detected radiation; at least one storage means which is set up to store at least one measured value equation, the measured value equation mapping a relationship between the detected radiation and the mass flow, at least one electronic calculation means which is set up to determine, based on at least one calibration measurement without bulk material on the conveyor belt, a correction equation with which the measured value equation is corrected.

A method of measuring the speed of a fluid, comprising the successive steps of: causing the processor component to emit at the same emission time both a first electrical excitation signal that is applied as input to a first transducer and also a second electrical excitation signal that is applied as input to a second transducer, such that the first transducer generates a first ultrasonic signal and such that the second transducer generates a second ultrasonic signal; putting the processor component on standby; reactivating the processor component after a predetermined standby duration; causing the first ultrasonic signal to be acquired by the second transducer and then by the processor component, and causing the second ultrasonic signal to be acquired by the first transducer and then by the processor component; using a value DToF to estimate the speed of the fluid.

A hydrocarbon absorbing air filter box is provided for absorbing evaporative hydrocarbon emissions from an air intake duct of an internal combustion engine. A combined mass airflow sensor and hydrocarbon trap comprising the hydrocarbon absorbing air filter box includes a duct supporting a hydrocarbon absorbing sheet within an interior of a housing. The duct communicates an airstream from an air filter to the air intake duct during operation of the internal combustion engine. An opening in the housing receives a mass airflow sensor into the duct, such that the mass airflow sensor is disposed within the airstream. Guide vanes extending across the duct reduce air turbulence within the airstream passing by the mass airflow sensor. Ports disposed along the duct allow the evaporative hydrocarbon emissions to be drawn into the interior and arrested by the hydrocarbon absorbing sheet when the internal combustion engine is not operating.

A fluid measuring apparatus is provided with: an irradiating device configured to irradiate a fluid with light; a light receiving device configured to receive light scattered by the fluid; a detecting device configured to detect a backflow of the fluid on the basis of a received light signal of the light receiving device; and a calculating device configured to calculate estimated concentration information indicating a concentration of the fluid, on the basis of a detection result of the detecting device and the received light signal of the light receiving device. By this, even if the backflow temporarily occurs in the fluid, the fluid concentration can be accurately measured.

A fluid measuring apparatus is provided with: an irradiating device configured to irradiate a fluid with light; a light receiving device configured to receive light scattered by the fluid; a detecting device configured to detect a backflow of the fluid on the basis of a received light signal of the light receiving device; and a calculating device configured to calculate estimated concentration information indicating a concentration of the fluid, on the basis of a detection result of the detecting device and the received light signal of the light receiving device. By this, even if the backflow temporarily occurs in the fluid, the fluid concentration can be accurately measured.

Techniques determine if a gas service (e.g., piping and/or meter) is undersized for the customer's needs. In one example, flowrate information corresponding to gas usage at a service site over a first period of time is obtained. The flowrate information is disaggregated to determine an expected flowrate associated with each of two or more appliances having generally fixed-rates of gas consumption. Flowrate information is again obtained, corresponding to a second period of time. The second flowrate information is compared to one or more combinations (i.e., summations) of the expected flowrates associated with each of the two or more appliances. Based on the comparison, it may be determined that the service site is not appropriately sized. In an example, failure to detect two fixed-rate of gas-consumption appliances operating at their respective fixed-rates at the same time may indicate that the service cannot provide gas at a sufficient flowrate.

Techniques determine if a gas service (e.g., piping and/or meter) is undersized for the customer's needs. In one example, flowrate information corresponding to gas usage at a service site over a first period of time is obtained. The flowrate information is disaggregated to determine an expected flowrate associated with each of two or more appliances having generally fixed-rates of gas consumption. Flowrate information is again obtained, corresponding to a second period of time. The second flowrate information is compared to one or more combinations (i.e., summations) of the expected flowrates associated with each of the two or more appliances. Based on the comparison, it may be determined that the service site is not appropriately sized. In an example, failure to detect two fixed-rate of gas-consumption appliances operating at their respective fixed-rates at the same time may indicate that the service cannot provide gas at a sufficient flowrate.

A gases flow rate sensing system may be configured to operate in at least two different target temperature modes, based upon a measured temperature of the gases flow. In some embodiments, the gases flow sensing system may have a voltage divider containing a thermistor. The gases flow rate may be determined based upon a voltage output indicating an amount of power needed to maintain the thermistor at a target temperature as specified by the target temperature mode, and a measured temperature of the gases flow.

A gases flow rate sensing system may be configured to operate in at least two different target temperature modes, based upon a measured temperature of the gases flow. In some embodiments, the gases flow sensing system may have a voltage divider containing a thermistor. The gases flow rate may be determined based upon a voltage output indicating an amount of power needed to maintain the thermistor at a target temperature as specified by the target temperature mode, and a measured temperature of the gases flow.