This invention relates to CMOS based micro-photonic systems comprising an optical source, means for optical transmission, and a detector, wherein the optical source is capable of emitting light having a wavelength being in a range in which a nitride comprising layer of said means for optical transmission is transparent and being below a detection threshold of said detector so as to enable the generation of a micro-photonic system in silicon integrated circuit technology.

According to one aspect, a radar-radiometric imaging method is disclosed that includes cyclical observation, with a time period T, of a selected space section due to antenna beam rotation with a period T.sub.a (T.sub.a≤T) around a rotation axis misaligned with the antenna's beam axis, along with the simultaneous change of the spatial orientation of this rotation axis using an antenna positioning device to ensure survey of the selected space domain for the time T without gaps.

A method for evaluating a measurement result of a thermal analysis. A program-controlled computer unit is used to calculate at least one probability of the agreement of the measurement result with at least one dataset previously stored in the computer unit, wherein this calculation is based on a comparison of effect data previously extracted from a measurement curve of the thermal analysis with corresponding stored effect data of the dataset. The evaluation can advantageously include, an automatic recognition and classification of measurement curves and can be carried out in particular more efficiently, more economically and more quickly than previously, with at the same time a high quality of evaluation.

The disclosed embodiments relate to the monitoring and control of additive manufacturing. In particular, a method is shown for removing errors inherent in thermal measurement equipment so that the presence of errors in a product build operation can be identified and acted upon with greater precision. Instead of monitoring a grid of discrete locations on the build plane with a temperature sensor, the intensity, duration and in some cases position of each scan is recorded in order to characterize one or more build operations.

The disclosed embodiments relate to the monitoring and control of additive manufacturing. In particular, a method is shown for removing errors inherent in thermal measurement equipment so that the presence of errors in a product build operation can be identified and acted upon with greater precision. Instead of monitoring a grid of discrete locations on the build plane with a temperature sensor, the intensity, duration and in some cases position of each scan is recorded in order to characterize one or more build operations.

A composite sensor fiber comprising a filamentary core (12) and an outer layer (30) encapsulating an intermediate sensor layer (20) of a detectably thermoresponsive material. Also disclosed are a method of making composite sensor fibers, a dressing comprising a fabric having a matrix of the fibers, and a method of monitoring a wound that utilizes the dressing.

A method for managing a temperature anomaly in a hydrogen tank includes a temperature checking step for defining temperature values detected by temperature, a temperature comparing step for comparing the temperature values with each other and then checking whether there is a specific temperature difference among the temperature values, a temperature sensor judging step for judging the temperature sensor in which the specific temperature difference is generated as an abnormal temperature sensor, and judging the temperature sensor in which the specific temperature difference is not generated as a normal temperature sensor, and an abnormal temperature sensor managing step for applying the temperature value of the temperature sensor judged as the normal temperature sensor when the hydrogen tank in which the temperature sensor judged as the abnormal temperature sensor is provided is filled or amount of fuel in the hydrogen tank is calculated.

Microwave radiometers (MRs) and methods for detecting microwave emissions using an electro-optical receiver that incorporates a photonic integrated circuit are provided. The electro-optical receiver includes an electro-optic modulator that modulates received radio frequency signals onto an optical carrier signal supplied by a pump laser. The resulting upconverted signal, containing the full spectrum of the radio frequency signals, is divided into channels by an optical filter. Each of the channels is connected to a corresponding photodetector, which produces an electrical output having an amplitude that is proportional to the amplitude of the received optical signal. The components included in the photonic integrated circuit can be formed on a single substrate. In addition, the optical filter can filter the received full spectrum optical signal into a large number of channels (e.g. greater than 50).

Methods and apparatus for analyzing optical measurements to determine whether a liquid includes dissolved oxygen, to determine a predicted concentration of the dissolved oxygen in the liquid, and/or to determine additional or alternative feature(s) related to dissolved oxygen in the liquid. An optical source can be controlled to emit optical radiation into a container that contains the liquid. The optical source can be located outside of the container, and the optical radiation includes (e.g., is restricted to) radiation that conforms to a dissolved oxygen absorption band. The optical radiation can be pulsed or can be periodically intensity modulated. A photodetector, located outside of the container but in optical communication with the interior of the container, can generate the optical measurements used in the analysis.

Methods and apparatus for analyzing optical measurements to determine whether a liquid includes dissolved oxygen, to determine a predicted concentration of the dissolved oxygen in the liquid, and/or to determine additional or alternative feature(s) related to dissolved oxygen in the liquid. An optical source can be controlled to emit optical radiation into a container that contains the liquid. The optical source can be located outside of the container, and the optical radiation includes (e.g., is restricted to) radiation that conforms to a dissolved oxygen absorption band. The optical radiation can be pulsed or can be periodically intensity modulated. A photodetector, located outside of the container but in optical communication with the interior of the container, can generate the optical measurements used in the analysis.