A method for determining a hand force and a ground reaction force for a musculoskeletal body of a subject includes obtaining video data for the musculoskeletal body during an action taken by the subject, generating, for each frame of the video data, three-dimensional pose data for the subject based on a three-dimensional skeletal model, and determining the hand force and the ground reaction force based on the three-dimensional pose data. Determining the hand force and the ground reaction force includes implementing a reconstruction of the hand force and the ground reaction force based on the three-dimensional pose data. The method additionally includes applying the three-dimensional pose data, the estimate for the ground reaction force, and the estimate of the hand force, to a neural network or other model to optimize the estimate of the hand force and the estimate of the ground reaction force.

In a stress measurement method, an object to be measured is vibrated at a plurality of oscillation frequencies, and a temperature amplitude of the object to be measured is measured by using a temperature sensor. Parameters of a one-dimensional heat conduction equation described below are identified by performing curve-fitting, on the basis of the one-dimensional heat conduction equation, on a measurement value of the temperature amplitude with respect to frequency characteristics of a temperature change component and a phase component based on a thermoelastic effect. The frequency characteristics are obtained at the plurality of oscillation frequencies. The one-dimensional heat conduction equation indicates a theoretical solution of a temperature amplitude on a surface of a coating film based on heat conduction and the thermoelastic effect of each of a substrate and the coating film. Then, a stress of the object to be measured is obtained based on the identified parameters.

A device for measuring hair properties has a first part (I) and a second part (II) between which hair (H) is guided. The first part includes a measuring probe (MP), and the second part is arranged for deforming the hair against the measuring probe. While the device moves along the hair, the measuring probe experiences both a friction force resulting from the hair being guided along the measuring probe, and a deformation force resulting from hair deformation by the second part against the measuring probe. The second part includes a pressure element (PB, S) for pressing the hair against the measuring probe. In alternative embodiments, the second part comprises alignment elements (AE) at opposite sides of the measuring probe, and guidance elements (G) for mitigating an influence of an angle at which the device is applied to the hair to the friction force and/or the deformation force.

The invention relates to a tire comprising an apparatus, wherein the apparatus comprises a first, second, third, fourth and fifth layer, the third layer being optional, characterized in that: a) the first layer comprises a first electrode material, b) the second layer comprises a first intermediate material, c) the third layer comprises an insulation material, d) the fourth layer comprises a second intermediate material, and e) the fifth layer comprises a second electrode material, wherein the second or fourth layer has a layer thickness in the range from 10 to 1000 μm, the first intermediate material of the second layer and the second intermediate material of the fourth layer are different, and the four or five layers are arranged one above the other according to the above sequence. The invention also relates to uses of the apparatus.

An additive manufactured structure and methods for making and using same. The structure includes a plurality of layers stacked in a stacking direction. The structure further includes at least one reinforcement structure affixed to the layers and extending at least partially in the stacking direction. The reinforcement structure can hold the layers together to stiffen and strengthen the structure. Mechanical strength of the structure in the stacking direction can advantageously be improved. Shape and spatial distribution of the reinforcement structure can be customized and adapted to the geometry of the layers to enhance strengthening effect. The reinforcement structure can be tension free or have a compressive stress induced by a preload applied during manufacturing. The compressive stress can be adjusted dynamically via a sensor. The structure and methods provide, among other things, novelty for addressing the inherent weaknesses in parts created by large-scale extrusion deposition processes.

An additive manufactured structure and methods for making and using same. The structure includes a plurality of layers stacked in a stacking direction. The structure further includes at least one reinforcement structure affixed to the layers and extending at least partially in the stacking direction. The reinforcement structure can hold the layers together to stiffen and strengthen the structure. Mechanical strength of the structure in the stacking direction can advantageously be improved. Shape and spatial distribution of the reinforcement structure can be customized and adapted to the geometry of the layers to enhance strengthening effect. The reinforcement structure can be tension free or have a compressive stress induced by a preload applied during manufacturing. The compressive stress can be adjusted dynamically via a sensor. The structure and methods provide, among other things, novelty for addressing the inherent weaknesses in parts created by large-scale extrusion deposition processes.

A force measurement assembly is disclosed herein. The force measurement assembly includes a top component, the top component having a top surface for receiving at least one portion of the body of the subject; a single force transducer supporting the top component, the single force transducer configured to sense one or more measured quantities and output one or more signals that are representative of forces and/or moments being applied to the top surface of the top component by the subject; and a base component disposed underneath the single force transducer, the base component configured to be disposed on a support surface.

Impact testing apparatuses are disclosed which simulate and measure various impact-related events associated with the operation of a drug delivery device. The impact testing apparatus may include an impactor configured to simulate a plunger rod of the drug delivery device, and a guide sleeve configured to receive a syringe corresponding to the drug delivery device. The syringe may have a proximal end, a distal end defining an outlet, and an interior chamber extending between the proximal and distal ends and carrying a plunger. Additionally, the impact testing apparatus may include an energy source configured to reduce a distance between the impactor and the plunger so that the impactor strikes the plunger. Various sensors may be included to measure characteristics of one or more impacts caused by the impactor. Methods of impact testing a syringe filled with a fluid and carrying a plunger are also disclosed.

The present disclosure is directed to remedying a non-conforming feature of an aluminum alloy part. A method may include identifying a yield strength as a function of temperature for a designation of the aluminum alloy part, determining a stress to be applied to the feature to re-form the non-conforming feature to within a dimensional tolerance, correlating the stress to the identified yield strength to determine a process temperature of the part upon applying the stress to the feature, determining a time duration for applying the stress to the feature at the determined process temperature, and applying the stress to the feature of the part, the feature being restrained to oppose the stress, while heating the feature to the determined process temperature, and maintaining the application of the stress and the heat to the feature for the time duration in order to reform the restrained feature to within the dimensional tolerance.

The present disclosure is directed to remedying a non-conforming feature of an aluminum alloy part. A method may include identifying a yield strength as a function of temperature for a designation of the aluminum alloy part, determining a stress to be applied to the feature to re-form the non-conforming feature to within a dimensional tolerance, correlating the stress to the identified yield strength to determine a process temperature of the part upon applying the stress to the feature, determining a time duration for applying the stress to the feature at the determined process temperature, and applying the stress to the feature of the part, the feature being restrained to oppose the stress, while heating the feature to the determined process temperature, and maintaining the application of the stress and the heat to the feature for the time duration in order to reform the restrained feature to within the dimensional tolerance.