Impact testing apparatuses are disclosed which simulate and measure various impact-related events associated with the operation of a drug delivery device. The impact testing apparatus may include an impactor configured to simulate a plunger rod of the drug delivery device, and a guide sleeve configured to receive a syringe corresponding to the drug delivery device. The syringe may have a proximal end, a distal end defining an outlet, and an interior chamber extending between the proximal and distal ends and carrying a plunger. Additionally, the impact testing apparatus may include an energy source configured to reduce a distance between the impactor and the plunger so that the impactor strikes the plunger. Various sensors may be included to measure characteristics of one or more impacts caused by the impactor. Methods of impact testing a syringe filled with a fluid and carrying a plunger are also disclosed.

Example implementations relate to collecting data to generate specifications for an orthosis. In example implementations, data may be collected from a plurality of pressure sensors. Histograms may be generated that characterize collected data. Specifications for an orthosis may be generated based on the histograms.

Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, a method comprising: applying to a substrate a first two-dimensional layer; and applying to the first two-dimensional layer a second two-dimensional layer, wherein the first two-dimensional layer and the second two-dimensional layer form a bi-layer element, wherein the bi-layer element has an axis, wherein there is an initial electrical resistance across the bi-layer element along the axis, and wherein a first change to the substrate results in a second change to the bi-layer element such that the initial electrical resistance is replaced by a lower electrical resistance. Other embodiments are disclosed.

The invention relates to a device for monitoring the contact of a workpiece (1) or tool on a spindle (2) of a machine tool, which device has a contact surface (3) for the workpiece (1) or tool. At least one measurement nozzle (4) is arranged in the region of the contact surface in order to produce a fluid flow directed away from the contact surface (3). Upstream of the measurement nozzle, the fluid flow is conducted through a vacuum nozzle, which can comprise a jet nozzle (7c) and a collector nozzle (7b). When the fluid medium flows through the vacuum nozzle, the vacuum nozzle produces a negative pressure in a negative pressure chamber (9c). A pressure sensor (6) or pressure switch senses a measurement pressure (p3) in the negative pressure chamber.

An automated bioreactor system for decellularizing an organ includes a main chamber for containing the organ. The system further includes a reagent chamber containing a liquid phase reagent. A reagent conduit delivers the liquid phase reagent to the main chamber, and a perfusion conduit delivers the reagent from the reagent outlet in the main chamber into the organ. A perfusion pump drives the flow of the reagent. A perfusion pressure sensor detects a pressure of the flowing reagent. A control system controls the perfusion pump to drive the flow of the reagent based on a received input representative of a desired pressure and a received input of the detected pressure. The control system may automatically perform all of the steps of a decellularization protocol based on sensor input. An automated waste decontamination system may also be provided.

Immersion depth measurement device comprising a first absolute pressure sensor and a second differential pressure sensor, wherein the first and the second pressure sensor are arranged to measure ambient pressures, and wherein the second differential pressure sensor connects to the ambient through two separate channels, at least one of which is closable.

Immersion depth measurement device comprising a first absolute pressure sensor and a second differential pressure sensor, wherein the first and the second pressure sensor are arranged to measure ambient pressures, and wherein the second differential pressure sensor connects to the ambient through two separate channels, at least one of which is closable.

Identifying and estimating values of atmospheric conditions for use in estimating an altitude of a mobile device. Systems and methods for monitoring one or more conditions before estimating an altitude of a mobile device may receive a reference pressure that was computed using a measurement of pressure from a first reference pressure sensor at a first location, wherein the received reference pressure specifies an estimated pressure for a reference altitude, and determine if a threshold change in measured pressure by the first reference pressure sensor is detected. If the threshold change in measured pressure is detected, the systems and methods may compute a calibration value for the first reference pressure sensor, or if the threshold change in measured pressure is not detected, the systems and methods may identify a previously-determined calibration value. The systems and methods may then compute an adjusted reference pressure using the received reference pressure and either the computed calibration value or the previously-determined calibration value, and compute an estimate of the altitude of the mobile device using the adjusted reference pressure and a measurement of pressure from the mobile device.

Identifying and estimating values of atmospheric conditions for use in estimating an altitude of a mobile device. Systems and methods for monitoring one or more conditions before estimating an altitude of a mobile device may receive a reference pressure that was computed using a measurement of pressure from a first reference pressure sensor at a first location, wherein the received reference pressure specifies an estimated pressure for a reference altitude, and determine if a threshold change in measured pressure by the first reference pressure sensor is detected. If the threshold change in measured pressure is detected, the systems and methods may compute a calibration value for the first reference pressure sensor, or if the threshold change in measured pressure is not detected, the systems and methods may identify a previously-determined calibration value. The systems and methods may then compute an adjusted reference pressure using the received reference pressure and either the computed calibration value or the previously-determined calibration value, and compute an estimate of the altitude of the mobile device using the adjusted reference pressure and a measurement of pressure from the mobile device.

A method and apparatus for executing an application are provided. The method of executing an application may include: measuring internal air pressure in an electronic device by using a barometer; receiving a user input of applying a force to an external surface of the electronic device by using the barometer, and detecting a value of variation of the internal air pressure, the variation occurring due to the force; and performing a preset operation of the electronic device based on the detected value of the variation of the internal air pressure.