A method for conditioning air in a test space of a test chamber which receives test material. A temperature in a range of −20° C. to +180° C. is established within the test space with a cooling device. The cooling device includes a cooling circuit with a refrigerant, a heat exchanger, a compressor, a condenser and an expansion element. An internal heat exchanger of the cooling circuit is connected to a high-pressure side of the cooling circuit upstream of the expansion element and downstream of the condenser and to a low-pressure side of the cooling circuit upstream of the compressor and downstream of the heat exchanger and is used to cool the refrigerant of the high-pressure side. A zeotropic refrigerant is used and the internal heat exchanger is used to cool the refrigerant of the high-pressure side to lower an evaporation temperature at the expansion element.

The present invention relates to a method and device for detecting and analyzing deposits in liquid-bearing systems. More particularly, the device relates to being able to detect and analyze deposits in a liquid-bearing systems such as industrial plants that use and store fluids. The method relates to being able to determine a distribution of the run time of a detected ultrasonic reflection signal and analyzing the distribution to determine if deposits are deposited onto a heated reflecting area.

This invention relates to the monitoring of the integrity of casing, tubing and other strings in oil and gas wells. The technical result of this invention consists in increased accuracy and trustworthiness in detecting and locating transverse and longitudinal defects in well completion components and downhole equipment, in both the magnetic and non-magnetic first, second and other metal barriers. Electromagnetic defectoscopy in multi-string wells includes measuring EMF induced in a coil by eddy currents generated in metal barriers by the decay of the electromagnetic field produced by magnetization current pulses in the coil. A series of pulses of fixed duration in the range of 0.1-1000 ms is fed to each exciter-and-pickup coil to sequentially magnetize all metal barriers starting from the nearest one, with pulse durations increasing for each next barrier. The recorded data are saved and processed by comparing them with model data, and the processing results indicate defects in the metal barriers. The downhole electromagnetic defectoscope contains a case, axially oriented coils with their magnetic axes coinciding with the tool's magnetic axis, and an electronic module, and at least two exciter-and-pickup coils, each consisting of an exciter coil and a pickup coil with a single core. The exciter-and-pickup coils are of different sizes and are spaced apart by a distance of not less than the length of the larger exciter-and-pickup coil.

Test systems for simulating an environment for erosion testing. An exemplary system includes a wind tunnel having a fan unit at one end and an exhaust unit at the other, and a test fixture that secures a specimen under test in a path of the air flow created in the wind tunnel. The system also includes a water injection unit installed between the fan unit and the test fixture that emits water droplets into the air flow. A controller of the system identifies a test profile indicating conditions for a test of the specimen, and varies the speed of the air flow, the orientation of the specimen, and/or a flow rate of water out of a nozzle of the water injection unit during the test to simulate the conditions indicated in the test profile.

A corrosion monitoring system includes at least one corrosion sensor. The corrosion sensor includes a metallic plug having at least one opening, at least one ceramic sheath in the opening of the metallic plug, and a plurality of probes. Each probe has a central portion with a predetermined cross sectional area extending from the metallic plug. The ceramic sheath electrically isolates each first end and each second end of the probes from the metallic plug and the other first ends and second ends. The probes are sized to provide a distribution of predetermined cross sectional areas of the central portions. The corrosion monitoring system also includes a resistance meter measuring an ohmic resistance for at least one of the probes and a computer determining a corrosion rate by correlating a rate of change of the ohmic resistance to the corrosion rate of the probe.

A structure evaluation apparatus has an acquisitor and an evaluator. The acquisitor acquires a distribution that represents a distribution of strength of a reflected wave obtained by an electromagnetic radar scan to a reinforced concrete which comprises concrete and a material other than concrete. The evaluator calculates similarity, with reference to a reference region including the material in the distribution, of other regions including the material than the reference region in the distribution.

A structure evaluation apparatus has an acquisitor and an evaluator. The acquisitor acquires a distribution that represents a distribution of strength of a reflected wave obtained by an electromagnetic radar scan to a reinforced concrete which comprises concrete and a material other than concrete. The evaluator calculates similarity, with reference to a reference region including the material in the distribution, of other regions including the material than the reference region in the distribution.

A distance measuring system includes: a reference member configured to be provided on a surface of a first pipe made of metal, the reference member serving as a reference for distance measurement; an attachment member provided on a surface of a second pipe, made of metal, connected with the first pipe through a weld; a distance sensor configured to be attached to the attachment member, to measure a distance to the reference member; and a measuring unit configured to measure the distance based on an output from the distance sensor.

A method and apparatuses to make an in-service measurement of the thickness and corrosion rate of the floor an aboveground or bulk underground storage tank. The preferred method is to use an off-the-shelf ultrasonic sensor that is placed on the end of a staff and inserted into an opening at the top of the tank to make one or more local measurements of the thickness and corrosion rate of the tank floor. When combined with the results of a previous out-of service internal inspection of the floor or an acoustic emission (AE) corrosion activity test performed with a vertical and horizontal array of three or more AE sensors placed on a staff and inserted into the liquid or on the external wall of the tank and show almost no corrosion activity, these local measurements can be used to determine the thickness and corrosion rate for the entire tank floor.

A method and apparatuses to make an in-service measurement of the thickness and corrosion rate of the floor an aboveground or bulk underground storage tank. The preferred method is to use an off-the-shelf ultrasonic sensor that is placed on the end of a staff and inserted into an opening at the top of the tank to make one or more local measurements of the thickness and corrosion rate of the tank floor. When combined with the results of a previous out-of service internal inspection of the floor or an acoustic emission (AE) corrosion activity test performed with a vertical and horizontal array of three or more AE sensors placed on a staff and inserted into the liquid or on the external wall of the tank and show almost no corrosion activity, these local measurements can be used to determine the thickness and corrosion rate for the entire tank floor.