A method for joint measuring argon-argon age and cosmic ray exposure age of an extraterrestrial sample is provided. The method for joint measuring determining argon age and cosmic ray exposure age may include: step A, sample packaging; step B, placing the packaged samples into a neutron reactor for irradiation; and step C, determining Ar isotopes of the packaged samples after being performed with a neutron irradiation and thereby calculating argon-argon age and cosmic ray exposure age. The method can overcome the defects of the prior art, and achieve high-precision simultaneous determination of the argon-argon age and the cosmic ray exposure age of samples.

A system and method for determining a position of a focal spot of an X-ray source may be provided. The system may include a shelter to attenuate X-rays emitted from the focal spot of the X-ray source and an X-ray receiver to receive X-rays. The X-ray receiver may include a plurality of X-ray receiving regions. At least one of the plurality of X-ray receiving regions may X-rays that include attenuated X-rays by the shelter and unattenuated X-rays. The shelter and the X-ray receiver may reside between the X-ray source and an X-ray detector for determining the position of the focal spot.

A system and method for determining a position of a focal spot of an X-ray source may be provided. The system may include a shelter to attenuate X-rays emitted from the focal spot of the X-ray source and an X-ray receiver to receive X-rays. The X-ray receiver may include a plurality of X-ray receiving regions. At least one of the plurality of X-ray receiving regions may X-rays that include attenuated X-rays by the shelter and unattenuated X-rays. The shelter and the X-ray receiver may reside between the X-ray source and an X-ray detector for determining the position of the focal spot.

Disclosed are systems and methods for simulating proximity detection of physical effects, the system including an external probe; a base unit associated with the external probe via a connector, the base unit comprising at least one processor coupled to the connector, the at least one processor configured to compute results based on an input received from the external probe; an input device; and a graphical display unit configured to display at least one of the computed results from the at least one processor and the input received from the input device and input received from the external probe.

Disclosed are systems and methods for simulating proximity detection of physical effects, the system including an external probe; a base unit associated with the external probe via a connector, the base unit comprising at least one processor coupled to the connector, the at least one processor configured to compute results based on an input received from the external probe; an input device; and a graphical display unit configured to display at least one of the computed results from the at least one processor and the input received from the input device and input received from the external probe.

The present invention relates to a detector arrangement for an X-ray phase contrast system (5), the detector arrangement (1) comprising: a scintillator (11); an optical grating (12); and a detector (13); wherein the optical grating (12) is arranged between the scintillator (11) and the detector (13); wherein the scintillator (11) converts X-ray radiation (2) into optical radiation (3); wherein the optical grating (12) is configured to be an analyzer grating being adapted to a phase-grating (21) of an X-ray phase contrast system (5); wherein the optical path between the optical grating (12) and the scintillator (11) is free of focusing elements for optical radiation. The present invention further relates to a method (100) for performing X-ray phase contrast imaging with a detector arrangement (1) mentioned above. The invention avoids the use of an X-ray absorption grating as G2 grating in an X-ray phase contrast interferometer system.

The present invention is a passive sensor to detect ionizing radiation over time. It employs a SAW sensor that incorporates a polymer film that deforms based on the chain-scission reaction as described upon irradiation. The polymer film coats the piezoelectric substrate and reflectors on the SAW sensor and, as it reacts to radiation, the film deforms due to the fracturing of the polymer molecules resulting in a loss of overall mass. As the SAW sensor is interrogated by an electrical signal, the wavelength of the response will change as the overall rigidity of the polymer film changes allowing for the detection of the level of radiation.

A grid of the present invention is used with an X-ray detector to take an X-ray image of a subject. The grid is configured by alternately arranging a plurality of X-ray absorption parts and a plurality of X-ray transmission parts and adapted to be externally provided adjacent to a surface of the X-ray detector. When the grid is viewed in a plan view in a state that the grid is provided adjacent to the surface of the X-ray detector, at least at least a part of the X-ray absorption part overlaps with an imaging part of the X-ray detector and an overlapping state of the X-ray absorption part and the imaging part transitions. Further, the grid includes the plurality of X-ray absorption parts having the same overlapping state with the corresponding imaging parts in a predetermined cycle.

Disclosed herein are a method, apparatus, and software for passive, non-destructive assay of holdup deposits in nuclear piping by in-pipe apparatus. A detector deployed within a pipe is collimated to observe radiation impinging radially inward from decay of deposits that lie on the pipe wall. A radiation detector is centered in the pipe and collimated by a pair of coaxial shielding discs disposed equidistant from the detector. This arrangement causes radiation from a truncated cylinder of pipe deposit within a field of regard to impinge on the detector, while precluding radiation emanating from pipe walls beyond the field of regard from reaching the detector. Hence, observations are unique to a known cylindrical length of pipe. The detector assembly is translated through pipes by an autonomous mobile robotic apparatus. Computer software controls the robotic apparatus, logs data, and post-processes to assay deposits.

Apparatuses (devices, systems) and methods for shielding (protecting) surroundings around periphery of regions of interest located inside objects (e.g., patients) from radiation emitted by X-ray systems towards the objects. Apparatus includes: at least one radiation shield assembly including a support base connectable to an X-ray system radiation source or detector, and a plurality of radiation shield segments sequentially positioned relative to the support base, thereby forming a contiguous radiopaque screen configured for spanning around the region of interest periphery with a radiopaque screen edge opposing the object. Radiation shield segments are individually, actively controllable to extend or contract to selected lengths with respective free ends in directions away from or towards the support base(s), for locally changing contour of the radiopaque screen edge. Applicable for shielding (protecting) medical personnel, and patients, from exposure to X-ray radiation during medical interventions or/and diagnostics.