Systems and methods for performing matrix operations using a photonic processor are provided. The photonic processor includes encoders configured to encode a numerical value into an optical signal and optical multiplication devices configured to output an electrical signal proportional to a product of one or more encoded values. The optical multiplication devices include a first input waveguide, a second input waveguide, a coupler circuit coupled to the first input waveguide and the second input waveguide, a first detector and a second detector coupled to the coupler circuit, and a circuit coupled to the first detector and second detector and configured to output a current that is proportional to a product of a first input value and a second input value.

Systems and methods for performing matrix operations using a photonic processor are provided. The photonic processor includes encoders configured to encode a numerical value into an optical signal and optical multiplication devices configured to output an electrical signal proportional to a product of one or more encoded values. The optical multiplication devices include a first input waveguide, a second input waveguide, a coupler circuit coupled to the first input waveguide and the second input waveguide, a first detector and a second detector coupled to the coupler circuit, and a circuit coupled to the first detector and second detector and configured to output a current that is proportional to a product of a first input value and a second input value.

An optical operational element which enables a multilayered optical neural network to be constructed without using an optical amplifier is provided. The optical operational element includes: a photothermal conversion unit 30 which converts light energy of input light A into thermal energy; a light intensity variation unit 20 which is in contact with the photothermal conversion unit 30 and which varies, in accordance with a temperature variation accompanying heat generation or heat absorption by the photothermal conversion unit 30, intensity of external light B that is introduced from the outside; and a housing unit 10 which houses the light intensity variation unit 20 and which introduces the external light B from one side and outputs output light C obtained by attenuating intensity of the external light B to the outside on an opposite side to the one side.

An optical operational element which enables a multilayered optical neural network to be constructed without using an optical amplifier is provided. The optical operational element includes: a photothermal conversion unit 30 which converts light energy of input light A into thermal energy; a light intensity variation unit 20 which is in contact with the photothermal conversion unit 30 and which varies, in accordance with a temperature variation accompanying heat generation or heat absorption by the photothermal conversion unit 30, intensity of external light B that is introduced from the outside; and a housing unit 10 which houses the light intensity variation unit 20 and which introduces the external light B from one side and outputs output light C obtained by attenuating intensity of the external light B to the outside on an opposite side to the one side.

A method of generating a photon with multiple dimensions includes a step of generating a first photon encoded with quantum information in each of two or more frequency bins and at least one time bin. The method further includes performing a frequency dependent time operation to entangle (i.e. make non-separable) the frequency bins and the time bins in the photon.

A method of generating a photon with multiple dimensions includes a step of generating a first photon encoded with quantum information in each of two or more frequency bins and at least one time bin. The method further includes performing a frequency dependent time operation to entangle (i.e. make non-separable) the frequency bins and the time bins in the photon.

A phase shifter, a quantum logic gate apparatus, an optical quantum computing apparatus, and a phase shift method, where the phase shifter includes an optical resonant cavity and a quantum point, where a resonance frequency of the optical resonant cavity is .sub.c, the quantum point is located in the optical resonant cavity, and a transition frequency of the quantum point is .sub.x, the quantum point and the optical resonant cavity are coupled to form a coupled system, and a transition energy difference of the coupled system is determined by .sub.c, .sub.x, and a coupling strength between the quantum point and the optical resonant cavity (g), and .sub.x is set.

A phase shifter, a quantum logic gate apparatus, an optical quantum computing apparatus, and a phase shift method, where the phase shifter includes an optical resonant cavity and a quantum point, where a resonance frequency of the optical resonant cavity is .sub.c, the quantum point is located in the optical resonant cavity, and a transition frequency of the quantum point is .sub.x, the quantum point and the optical resonant cavity are coupled to form a coupled system, and a transition energy difference of the coupled system is determined by .sub.c, .sub.x, and a coupling strength between the quantum point and the optical resonant cavity (g), and .sub.x is set.

An optical logic device includes a distributed feedback laser configured to generate a first signal corresponding to distributed feedback laser output signal, the first signal being at a first wavelength. The device further includes a bandpass filter having a center frequency corresponding to the first wavelength. Additionally, the device can include an optical circulator having a first port coupled to a logic device input signal, a second port coupled to the first signal, and a third port coupled to the bandpass filter, wherein when the logic device input signal has a power above a predetermined threshold and there is a wavelength difference between the first wavelength and an input wavelength of the logic device input signal, a suppression of the first signal occurs.

An optical logic device includes a distributed feedback laser configured to generate a first signal corresponding to distributed feedback laser output signal, the first signal being at a first wavelength. The device further includes a bandpass filter having a center frequency corresponding to the first wavelength. Additionally, the device can include an optical circulator having a first port coupled to a logic device input signal, a second port coupled to the first signal, and a third port coupled to the bandpass filter, wherein when the logic device input signal has a power above a predetermined threshold and there is a wavelength difference between the first wavelength and an input wavelength of the logic device input signal, a suppression of the first signal occurs.