A method of decommissioning a nuclear facility including a plurality of sandboxes that cover a plurality of upper penetration holes, includes: exposing the plurality of pipes through the plurality of upper penetration holes by removing the plurality of sandboxes; and cutting the plurality of pipes through the plurality of upper penetration holes.

A construction layout for underground caverns in a nuclear island powerhouse of an underground nuclear power plant, including: two primary caverns accomodating nuclear reactor powerhouses, combined caverns, electric powerhouse caverns, pressure relief caverns, a first primary traffic tunnel, a second primary traffic tunnel, a third primary traffic tunnel, a top adit system, a ground adit system, secondary traffic tunnels, and a side traffic tunnel. Each combined cavern and each electric powerhouse cavern are disposed at two sides of each primary cavern, respectively. Two combined caverns are in end-to-end connection and the arrangement direction of the two combined caverns are in parallel to the connecting line of the medial axes of the two primary caverns. Each pressure relief cavern is disposed between each combined cavern and a corresponding electric powerhouse cavern.

A construction layout for caverns of an underground nuclear power plant, including: two primary caverns accommodating nuclear reactor powerhouses, combined caverns, electric powerhouse caverns, pressure relief caverns, a first primary traffic tunnel, a second primary traffic tunnel, a third primary traffic tunnel, a top adit system, and a ground adit system. Each combined cavern is disposed on one side of each of the two primary caverns. Each electric powerhouse cavern and each pressure relief cavern are disposed on two sides of each of the two primary caverns perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the mountain. Each electric powerhouse cavern is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the mountain. The first primary traffic tunnel and the third primary traffic tunnel are disposed along the longitudinal direction of the mountain on outer sides of the two combined caverns, respectively.

A construction layout for caverns of an underground nuclear power plant, including: two primary caverns accommodating nuclear reactor powerhouses, electric powerhouse caverns, safe powerhouse caverns, auxiliary powerhouse caverns, nuclear fuel powerhouse caverns, connecting powerhouse caverns, a first primary traffic tunnel, a third primary traffic tunnel, a second primary traffic tunnel, a fourth primary traffic tunnel, and a primary steam channel. The electric powerhouse caverns, the safe powerhouse caverns, and the nuclear fuel powerhouse caverns are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the mountain. Each of the safe powerhouse caverns and each of the nuclear fuel powerhouse caverns are disposed on two sides of each of the two primary caverns in the longitudinal direction of the mountain, respectively. Each of the electric powerhouse caverns and each of the safe powerhouse caverns are located on a same side of each the two primary caverns.

The invention relates to a method and an arrangement for operating a system in which dismantling works are performed underwater in a liquid-filled vessel (10) of a nuclear facility, the liquid being guided in a circuit (20) and flowing through at least one filter device (26, 28, 30). The liquid in the circuit flows through at least a first filter device (26) in the form of a coarse filter and a second filter device (28), in which at least one device from the group of ion exchangers (1, 2, 3), reverse osmosis systems, ultrafiltration systems, activated carbon filters, zeolite filters, and biological filters is used for filtration.

Arrangement for supporting U-bend tube sections in the high heat environment of steam generators using flat bars. The invention uses a combination of thicker and thinner flat bars to impart a serpentine path to the arc of the normally curvilinear U-tubes. The support system accommodates the dilation and contraction of coolant tubes and other elements caused by the extreme and varying conditions inside a steam generator, and which can cause gaps between coolant tubes and prior art tube support bars. Bars of alternating thickness provide alternating offsets to tensionally push and support each tube on multiple sides and in multiple locations, and this tension keeps the tubes in contact with at least some flat bars on multiple sides regardless of size and shape changes. Support arrangement includes a set of fan bars, each fan bar including thick and thin flat bars projecting up and out from a collector bar.

Arrangement for supporting U-bend tube sections in the high heat environment of steam generators using flat bars. The invention uses a combination of thicker and thinner flat bars to impart a serpentine path to the arc of the normally curvilinear U-tubes. The support system accommodates the dilation and contraction of coolant tubes and other elements caused by the extreme and varying conditions inside a steam generator, and which can cause gaps between coolant tubes and prior art tube support bars. Bars of alternating thickness provide alternating offsets to tensionally push and support each tube on multiple sides and in multiple locations, and this tension keeps the tubes in contact with at least some flat bars on multiple sides regardless of size and shape changes. Support arrangement includes a set of fan bars, each fan bar including thick and thin flat bars projecting up and out from a collector bar.

Nuclear Aircraft Transportation System “KARAVAN” with its components is represented by a group of inventions in the technical and organizational relations. The main and basic invention is Nuclear Aircraft Transportation System “KARAVAN” (NATS). This invention includes two other ones: Aircraft Thrust Nuclear Power Plant, (ATNPP), which in turn includes—Thermal Power Cycle of ATNPP, (TPC ATNPP). In addition, the represented group of inventions is made up of two more inventions: Maintenance System of ATNPP, (MS ATNPP) and Emergency Response System of NATSK, (ERS NATSK).

The concept of practical implementation of the presented group of inventions involves the fact that ATNPP, which is a large unmanned drone aircraft “Tiagach”, supplies the aero-train composed of a number of passenger liners and cargo transport planes using electric motors with traction electric energy in the air.

The power supply of such an aero-train is based on the onboard Nuclear Power Plant of the aircraft “Tiagach”. In this case, the transmission of electric power to the towed electric aircraft of the aero-train is carried out by means of electric split feeders and cables, connecting and disconnecting of which between airplanes of the aero-train is carried out in the air, by analogy with refueling of airplanes in the air with JP fuel.

During the flight of the aero-train on a logistically optimized route, electric airplanes can detach from and attach to the aero-train, taking off and landing along the flight route of the aero-train using their own electric accumulators. In addition, extra ATNPP may be included in the aero-train during its flight, if it is necessary to increase the thrust. At the same time, due to the use of nuclear power, such ATNPP can remain in the air for a conditionally indefinite period of time.

The invention is aimed at creating cost-effective air freight and passenger traffic.

Nuclear Aircraft Transportation System “KARAVAN” with its components is represented by a group of inventions in the technical and organizational relations. The main and basic invention is Nuclear Aircraft Transportation System “KARAVAN” (NATS). This invention includes two other ones: Aircraft Thrust Nuclear Power Plant, (ATNPP), which in turn includes—Thermal Power Cycle of ATNPP, (TPC ATNPP). In addition, the represented group of inventions is made up of two more inventions: Maintenance System of ATNPP, (MS ATNPP) and Emergency Response System of NATSK, (ERS NATSK).

The concept of practical implementation of the presented group of inventions involves the fact that ATNPP, which is a large unmanned drone aircraft “Tiagach”, supplies the aero-train composed of a number of passenger liners and cargo transport planes using electric motors with traction electric energy in the air.

The power supply of such an aero-train is based on the onboard Nuclear Power Plant of the aircraft “Tiagach”. In this case, the transmission of electric power to the towed electric aircraft of the aero-train is carried out by means of electric split feeders and cables, connecting and disconnecting of which between airplanes of the aero-train is carried out in the air, by analogy with refueling of airplanes in the air with JP fuel.

During the flight of the aero-train on a logistically optimized route, electric airplanes can detach from and attach to the aero-train, taking off and landing along the flight route of the aero-train using their own electric accumulators. In addition, extra ATNPP may be included in the aero-train during its flight, if it is necessary to increase the thrust. At the same time, due to the use of nuclear power, such ATNPP can remain in the air for a conditionally indefinite period of time.

The invention is aimed at creating cost-effective air freight and passenger traffic.

A closed-vessel molten salt reactor (cvMSR) is described herein. A cvMSR may comprise a suspended container, such as a metallic container, within a trench surrounded by a concrete enclosure and a concrete cover having a number of channels. The suspended container may be hollow and a solution of fissile materials and salt materials may be provided within the suspended container. The solution may be capable of undergoing a chain reaction nuclear fission process once a threshold temperature is reached. Heat generated by the solution may heat a fluid surrounding the suspended container. The heated fluid may be transported, through the number of channels of the concrete cover, to an external location where the heated fluid may be used in distributing heat and/or electricity generation.