A control system includes a control device adapted to be connected to a live line and a neutral line that transmit a grid power, and to a load via a first power line and a second power line. The control device includes: a first switch adapted to be connected between the live line and the first power line; a second switch adapted to be connected between the neutral line and the second power line; a coupler adapted to be connected to the first power line, receiving a communication signal, and coupling the communication signal to the first power line; and a controller controlling the first and second switches to synchronously alternate between an ON state and an OFF state, and outputting the communication signal to the coupler when the first and second switches operate in the OFF state.

Provided herein are improved relay protection systems that can detect a short to ground condition on an output of a relay. A relay protection system can bias an output of the relay. The output of the relay can be monitored to determine if a bias level reduces below a predetermined threshold, indicating a short to ground condition. If a short to ground condition is detected, the relay protection system can prevent the relay from transitioning from an open position to a closed position. As a result, a power source can remain decoupled from a load, thereby preventing damage to the relay and the load.

A boat having an electric motor coupled with an electrical store is disclosed. The electrical store includes a storage element, and positive and negative poles in current-conducting connection with the storage element. An isolating circuit element is operatively connected to a user activatable emergency stop switch. The isolating circuit element is configured to, upon activation of the emergency stop switch, isolate the current-conducting connection between the storage element and at least one of the poles.

A boat having an electric motor coupled with an electrical store is disclosed. The electrical store includes a storage element, and positive and negative poles in current-conducting connection with the storage element. An isolating circuit element is operatively connected to a user activatable emergency stop switch. The isolating circuit element is configured to, upon activation of the emergency stop switch, isolate the current-conducting connection between the storage element and at least one of the poles.

The disclosed embodiments provide a system that facilitates operation of a power adapter in hiccup mode. The system includes a bleeding mechanism that reduces a hiccup time of the hiccup mode by increasing a leakage current of the power adapter. The system also includes an activation mechanism that activates the bleeding mechanism upon detecting a voltage drop associated with the hiccup mode.

A circuit and a method for shutdown of automatic ignition controls upon valve relay failures. One or more embodiments describe a method including controlling a power supply to a valve by a valve drive circuit, the valve drive circuit comprising a first relay coil and a second relay coil. The method also includes controlling the valve drive circuit by checking the first relay coil and the second relay coil and issue a drive signal to the first relay coil and the second relay coil. The method further includes protecting from accidental supply of power by a protection switch based on the drive signal issued by the controller.

According to one embodiment, a remote control device for a toilet device includes an operation button and a power generator. The operation button is capable of a push operation and is configured to operate an equipment in response to the push operation. The power generator is configured to generate a power by being pressed in response to the push operation. A direction of the pressing is parallel to a wall surface on which the remote control device is placed.

An apparatus is for a process machine having a process-status switch and a process-control element. The apparatus includes a sensor input signal conditioning circuit, a logic circuit and a power output circuit. The sensor input signal conditioning circuit is configured to provide a logic-converted status signal representing a process-status signal associated with the process-status switch of the process machine. The logic circuit is configured to provide a latched output signal converted from the logic-converted status signal provided by the sensor input signal conditioning circuit. The latched output signal has any one of a first latched state and a second latched state. The power output circuit is configured to execute any one of maintaining and disconnecting a voltage being applied to the process-control element depending on the state of the latched output signal.

A protective device for a photovoltaic system includes at least one input for connection to a photovoltaic generator and at least one output for delivery of an electric power supplied from the photovoltaic generator. The protective device includes a detection device for a signal applied via the at least one output, and is configured to provide a low level-limited voltage at the at least one output if an applied signal does not meet a predetermined criteria, and is further configured to connect the at least one output with low resistance to the at least one input via a switching device if the applied signal meets the predetermined criteria.

A solenoid actuator for an injection valve or an intake valve is driven with current control during closed-loop control phases. In between the closed-loop current control, the actuator must be clamped to an opposite voltage so as to quickly decrease the current through the solenoid. The current is measured immediately following the clamping phase so as to determine whether or not the clamping phase resulted in the correct current level. If the measured current indicates an extraneous reduction in the current, the clamping phase duration is shortened for the next activation of this clamping phase. If the measured current indicates an insufficient decrease, the clamping phase duration is lengthened for the next following activation cycle.