A tester interface unit comprising a test hardware module. The test hardware module may have a simple construction, relying on control and/or signal processing in one or more tester instruments to generate or analyze test signals for a device under test. The test hardware module may be disposed within the tester interface unit, providing a short and high integrity signal path length to the device under test. The tester interface unit may include a purge gas chamber and a cooling chamber, with the hardware module penetrate a separator between those chambers, sealing an opening between the purge gas chamber and the cooling chamber. A heat spreader may move heat generated on the portion of the test hardware module in the purge gas chamber to the cooling chamber.

Exemplary imaging systems, apparatus, and methods may include a plurality of reconfigurable antenna assemblies. The reconfigurable antenna assemblies may each include one or more antennas. The antennas may be configured in a plurality of states including a passive state in which the antenna may not perturb the electromagnetic field. The antennas may be positioned about a measurement domain such as, e.g., a conductive measurement chamber.

A power measurement apparatus configured to measure power consumed at a load, the apparatus includes a magnetic film module, an adjuster, a measurement resistance, and a voltage detector. The magnetic film module is arranged so that a longitudinal direction of the magnetic film module is parallel to current flowing in the load. The adjuster is configured to adjust a pass-frequency and a phase of a voltage at one terminal of the magnetic film module. The measurement resistance is serial-connected to the magnetic film module. The voltage detector is configured to detect a voltage between both terminals of the magnetic film module.

Embodiments of the disclosure relate to deposition of a conformal organic material over a feature formed in a photoresist or a hardmask, to decrease the critical dimensions and line edge roughness. In various embodiments, an ultra-conformal carbon-based material is deposited over features formed in a high-resolution photoresist. The conformal organic layer formed over the photoresist thus reduces both the critical dimensions and the line edge roughness of the features.

A solid state impedance tuner or impedance tuner system includes a control element array with a plurality of solid state control elements configured to be turned on simultaneously to achieve a desired impedance state. The control element array comprises N solid state control elements arranged along an RF transmission line. A controller selectively turns on or off each control element by application of a control signal to vary an impedance presented by the control element array, Another aspect is an impedance tuner module card configured in a standardized system architecture, with a chassis board, and at least one solid state tuner module integrated on the card A chassis electrical connector connected to the tuner module is configured for connection to a corresponding backplane connector. Methods for calibrating a solid state impedance tuner that includes at least two solid state tuner modules combined in one package are disclosed.

In a reset period of a first stage, a switching circuit is turned on, and high-level driving voltages are output from driving circuits. In a charge transfer period subsequent to the reset period, the switching circuit is turned off, and low-level driving voltages are output from the driving circuits. It is determined whether or not an output voltage of an amplifier circuit in the charge transfer period is included in a normal range. In the inspection of a second stage subsequent to the first stage, in the same manner as in the normal measurement, voltages having opposite phases are output from the driving circuits in the reset period and the charge transfer period, and it is determined whether or not the output voltage of the amplifier circuit in the charge transfer period is included in a normal range.

A sensor for inductively measuring the current in a conductor flowing through a recess in a printed circuit board. Wire loops on the printed circuit board function as the inductive current sensor. Combined with a voltage measurement, the energy being dissipated in the conductor's load circuit can be determined and transmitted wirelessly. Control circuits can be integrated with the metering hardware to enable the remote modulation of the load's power. The inductive sensor(s) can be used to track differences between the load's supply and return currents. If a fault is detected, the circuit can be broken for safety, serving a ground fault circuit interruption (GFCI) purpose.

A DC level detection circuit between high speed signal line connecting ports and a system using the same in optical communications is disclosed. Corresponding ports of a high speed signal line each have an additional resistor, where one additional resistor has a resistance significantly greater than that of the other resistor. The smaller resistor is grounded. The larger resistor is connected to a DC voltage source, a low pass filter, and a signal detection port. Thus, when both ports of the high speed signal line are connected, a status of the electrical level detected at the signal detection port changes. The circuit detects the connection state of the high speed signal line without negative effects on signal transmission and is applicable to various circuits, especially plug-in modules and corresponding slots. Thus, the circuit further enables signal port multifunctionality, increases module installation accuracy, and provides higher compatibility for plug-in modules.

Magnetoelectronic components comprise at least one oblong working structure made of a ferromagnetic material, along which magnetic domain walls can migrate, means for applying an electric current to this working structure, and at least one magnetic field sensor for the magnetic field generated by the working structure. The working structure is designed so that it is able to form domain walls, the transverse magnetization direction of which in the center has no preferred direction in the plane perpendicular to the migration direction thereof along the working structure, and/or can form massless domain walls. It was found that the kinetic energy of such moving domain walls vanishes. These walls are thus not subject to the Walker limit nor to intrinsic pinning. As a result, the components can read, store or process and finally output information more quickly. The invention also relates to a method for measuring the non-adiabatic spin transfer parameter of a ferromagnetic material. This method was developed as part of a more in-depth examination of the phenomena that were found.

A MEMS device including a first proof mass, a first magnetized magnetic material disposed partially on a surface of the first proof mass, a first spring anchored to a substrate to support the first proof mass, and a first sensing element coupled to the first proof mass and operable to sense the motion of the first proof mass caused by an ambient acceleration. The MEMS device further includes a second sensing element coupled to the first proof mass and operable to sense the motion of the first proof mass caused by an ambient magnetic field.