A fuel cell system includes a fuel cell, an electrical storage device, a fuel-cell-side converter, an electrical-storage-device-side converter, and a controller. The fuel cell is to output fuel cell voltage. The fuel-cell-side converter is configured to apply the fuel cell voltage to a load in a direct connection state or configured to apply a stepped-up fuel cell voltage to the load. The electrical-storage-device-side converter is configured to apply a stepped-up electrical storage device voltage to the load. The controller is configured to control duty of the electrical-storage-device-side converter so that the fuel cell voltage changes smoothly in a case where a state in which the fuel cell voltage is controlled by the fuel-cell-side converter is switched to a state in which the fuel-cell-side converter is set to the direct connection state and the fuel cell voltage is controlled by the electrical-storage-device-side converter.

A power supply system includes a fuel cell, a power storage device, a first voltage adjusting device, a second voltage adjusting device, and a controller. The controller is to control the first voltage adjusting device and the second voltage adjusting device. The controller is to switch the second voltage adjusting device from a direct coupling state to a voltage adjusting state in a case where a first absolute value of a first difference between a secondary voltage of the second voltage adjusting device applied across a load and a fuel cell voltage is less than a predetermined allowable voltage value or in a case where a second absolute value of a second difference between a fuel cell current being to flow from the fuel cell into the first voltage adjusting device and a target current value of the fuel cell current exceeds a predetermined allowable current value.

A controller may include input channels configured to receive charge acceptance values of an auxiliary battery and an SOC of a traction battery. The controller may also include output channels configured to provide threshold signals to set a voltage threshold of an auxiliary bus coupled with the auxiliary battery and deriving power from the traction battery. The controller may include control logic configured to generate the threshold signals such that during a next charging event, a voltage of the auxiliary battery achieves a desulfation value. The controller logic may generate the threshold signals in response to the acceptance falling below a predetermined sulfation value and the SOC being above an SOC threshold.

A battery system of a vehicle includes: a housing which is provided between both side members of a vehicle body and arranged in a front portion or a rear portion of the vehicle; and forms an inner space; a battery and a relay provided in the inner space of the housing; and a power connector and a communication connector electrically connected to the battery and the relay and provided in a front surface portion or a rear surface portion of side surfaces of the housing.

A power supply apparatus according to an example embodiment includes an abnormal state determiner configured to determine a maximum output of a fuel cell by determining whether there is an abnormality in the fuel cell, a fuel cell controller configured to control output power of the fuel cell within the maximum output based on demand power of a load, an energy storage configured to charge with power by receiving the power from the fuel cell and supply the power to the load, a charging state determiner configured to determine a charging state of the energy storage based on a charging amount of the energy storage, and a storage controller configured to control charging and discharging of the energy storage based on a difference between the demand power of the load and the output power of the fuel cell.

System comprising an element for capturing and transforming external light into electricity based on the use of doped graphene; an electricity management control board to which are connected: a battery and a generator for supplying the current needed by a hydrolysis machine connected to the generator; a hydrogen tank connected to the hydrolysis machine; an oxygen tank connected to the hydrolysis machine, for use in space-based systems, which can be vented through an exhaust; a fuel cell or hydrogen cell connected to the hydrogen and oxygen tanks and a water deposit connected on one side to the hydrogen cell from which it receives the water generated and on the other to the hydrolysis machine to which it supplies the water. A self-sufficient or autonomous generation system is achieved.

Described is a distributed battery management system that utilizes circuit boards as direct current busses for primary power in large-scale battery energy storage systems.

Described is a distributed battery management system that utilizes circuit boards as direct current busses for primary power in large-scale battery energy storage systems.

The present disclosure provides systems and methods for improving production of an aquaculture pond farm. The systems generally include an electrolyzer module to produce hydrogen and oxygen, an ammonia synthesizer operable to receive hydrogen produced by the electrolyzer module, and a diffuser to diffuse oxygen produced by the electrolyzer module in the aquaculture pond farm.

The present disclosure relates generally to new forms of portable energy generation devices and methods. The devices are designed to covert formic acid into released hydrogen, alleviating the need for a hydrogen tank as a hydrogen source for fuel cell power.