A scanning system having a plurality of X-ray sources together with a single X-ray detector that uses sequentially emitted overlapping fan-shaped or cone-shaped beams to image a target such as the leg of a horse. The X-ray detector is rotated closer to the target and the X-ray emitter sources are rotated at a greater distance from the target. The positioning systems of the X-ray detector and the X-ray sources may be operated independently of one another, with each of the X-ray detector and the X-ray sources being also rotated about separate axes passing therethrough (while they are both being rotated around the target) as a way to keep the X-ray sources and the X-ray detector parallel to one another while working in very tight spaces.

Provided is a method of monitoring a heart rate of an open circulatory system aquatic organism including water fleas, zebrafish, brine shrimp, and the method of evaluating individual response by real time measurement of a heart rate of an aquatic organism and the individual response evaluation apparatus by real time measurement of a heart rate of an aquatic organism according to the present invention may effectively fix the aquatic organism for real time measurement of the heart rate of an aquatic organism, and may measure the heart rate using digital holography to display the heart rate while configuring a data format to allow the corresponding data to be stored for a long time, thereby treating a compound for inducing an individual response, securing a heart rate change in real time by image processing, and then effectively determining the presence or absence of harmfulness due to induction of the individual response.

Provided is a method of monitoring a heart rate of an open circulatory system aquatic organism including water fleas, zebrafish, brine shrimp, and the method of evaluating individual response by real time measurement of a heart rate of an aquatic organism and the individual response evaluation apparatus by real time measurement of a heart rate of an aquatic organism according to the present invention may effectively fix the aquatic organism for real time measurement of the heart rate of an aquatic organism, and may measure the heart rate using digital holography to display the heart rate while configuring a data format to allow the corresponding data to be stored for a long time, thereby treating a compound for inducing an individual response, securing a heart rate change in real time by image processing, and then effectively determining the presence or absence of harmfulness due to induction of the individual response.

Disclosed herein is an injection device with housing that defines a channel and a first injection guide opening. The first injection guide opening enters the channel in a manner that allows a needle to penetrate a vessel in an animal with accuracy and at the same time protect the user from the needle.

Disclosed herein is an injection device with housing that defines a channel and a first injection guide opening. The first injection guide opening enters the channel in a manner that allows a needle to penetrate a vessel in an animal with accuracy and at the same time protect the user from the needle.

The present disclosure relates to measuring biosignals (particularly, electroencephalogram) of fish in a non-invasive and multi-channels manner, with a multi-channel electrode array of one or more conductive plates non-invasively attached to the epidermis of the fish outside of the water a; a reference electrode non-invasively attached to the epidermis of the fish outside of the surface of the water; a supply device that supplies a predetermined material and oxygen to the fish outside of the water; and a minute tube inserted into the oral cavity of the fish outside of the water to resuscitate the fish in a stable state to generate normal electroencephalogram.

The present disclosure relates to measuring biosignals (particularly, electroencephalogram) of fish in a non-invasive and multi-channels manner, with a multi-channel electrode array of one or more conductive plates non-invasively attached to the epidermis of the fish outside of the water a; a reference electrode non-invasively attached to the epidermis of the fish outside of the surface of the water; a supply device that supplies a predetermined material and oxygen to the fish outside of the water; and a minute tube inserted into the oral cavity of the fish outside of the water to resuscitate the fish in a stable state to generate normal electroencephalogram.

A wireless optogenetic device in proximity to a neural cell of a subject includes a body configured to hold light transducing materials arranged to up-convert electromagnetic radiation in infrared or near-infrared spectrum into light in the visible spectrum to affect activity of the neural cell. The body allows electromagnetic radiation in infrared or near-infrared to reach the light transducing materials. A radiation system includes a radiation probe for irradiating a wireless optogenetic device with electromagnetic radiation in infrared or near-infrared spectrum from a radiation source. The system further includes a movement mechanism for moving the radiation probe, a detector for detecting a location of the wireless optogenetic device, and a controller for controlling the movement mechanism based on the detected location of the wireless optogenetic device such that the radiation probe is arranged to irradiate the wireless optogenetic device at the detected location with the electromagnetic radiation.

A wireless optogenetic device in proximity to a neural cell of a subject includes a body configured to hold light transducing materials arranged to up-convert electromagnetic radiation in infrared or near-infrared spectrum into light in the visible spectrum to affect activity of the neural cell. The body allows electromagnetic radiation in infrared or near-infrared to reach the light transducing materials. A radiation system includes a radiation probe for irradiating a wireless optogenetic device with electromagnetic radiation in infrared or near-infrared spectrum from a radiation source. The system further includes a movement mechanism for moving the radiation probe, a detector for detecting a location of the wireless optogenetic device, and a controller for controlling the movement mechanism based on the detected location of the wireless optogenetic device such that the radiation probe is arranged to irradiate the wireless optogenetic device at the detected location with the electromagnetic radiation.

A restrainer system for performing awake-animal imaging on a rodent. The system comprises a front section, a first pair of adjustable side pieces for contacting with a snout of the rodent from both sides, a second pair of adjustable side pieces for contacting with a rear jaw of the rodent from both sides, a front section, first floating component for applying pressure to a nose section of the rodent during testing and a mouthpiece for holding the rodent's teeth. That front section connects to a middle section having a floor element upon which to rest a main body of the rodent and all four limbs, a pair of adjustable walls for applying pressure to the rodent's back legs, and a middle section floating component for applying pressure to the rodent's shoulder blades from above. The latter connects to a rear section having a plateau onto which to rest the rodent's tail, and a rear section floating component for securing over the rodent's tail. A method of use is also disclosed.