Disclosed are various embodiments for transmitting energy conveyed in the form of a guided surface waveguide mode along the surface of a lossy conducting medium such as, e.g., a terrestrial medium by exciting a guided surface waveguide probe. In one embodiment, compensation is provided to elevate isolated capacitance of a terminal of the waveguide probe in the form of mounted charge devices.

A hybrid planar combiner for use in broadband high power multi-component power amplifier architectures in planar solid-state power amplifiers, which does not comprise impedance converters in the power amplifier layer, is suitable for hermetic construction, supports effective cooling infrastructure and enables easy in-circuit applications.

Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, a waveguide system that includes a transmission device having a coupler positioned with respect to a transmission medium to facilitate transmission or reception of electromagnetic waves that transport communications data. The electromagnetic waves propagate along an outer surface of the transmission medium. A training controller detects an impairment on the transmission medium adverse to the transmission or reception of the electromagnetic waves and adjusts the electromagnetic waves to reduce the effects of the impairment on the transmission medium. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, a waveguide system that includes a transmission device having a coupler positioned with respect to a transmission medium to facilitate transmission or reception of electromagnetic waves that transport communications data. The electromagnetic waves propagate along an outer surface of the transmission medium. A training controller detects an impairment on the transmission medium adverse to the transmission or reception of the electromagnetic waves and adjusts the electromagnetic waves to reduce the effects of the impairment on the transmission medium. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, a transmission device that includes a transmitter that generates a first electromagnetic wave to convey data, the first electromagnetic wave having at least one carrier frequency and corresponding wavelength. A coupler couples the first electromagnetic wave to a transmission medium having at least one inner portion surrounded by a dielectric material, the dielectric material having an outer surface and a corresponding circumference, wherein the coupling of the first electromagnetic wave to the transmission medium forms a second electromagnetic wave that is guided to propagate along the outer surface of the dielectric material via at least one guided-wave mode that can include an asymmetric mode, wherein the at least one carrier frequency is within a microwave or millimeter-wave frequency band and wherein the at least one corresponding wavelength is less than the circumference of the transmission medium. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, a transmission device that includes a transmitter that generates a first electromagnetic wave to convey data, the first electromagnetic wave having at least one carrier frequency and corresponding wavelength. A coupler couples the first electromagnetic wave to a transmission medium having at least one inner portion surrounded by a dielectric material, the dielectric material having an outer surface and a corresponding circumference, wherein the coupling of the first electromagnetic wave to the transmission medium forms a second electromagnetic wave that is guided to propagate along the outer surface of the dielectric material via at least one guided-wave mode that can include an asymmetric mode, wherein the at least one carrier frequency is within a microwave or millimeter-wave frequency band and wherein the at least one corresponding wavelength is less than the circumference of the transmission medium. Other embodiments are disclosed.

An apparatus providing a phase-matched interface between a driver device and a multibeam optoelectronic device, such as a VCSEL array device, is disclosed as well as various methods for utilization and manufacturing of the same. The interface device includes an input adapted to interface with the driver device, an output to interface with the multibeam optoelectronic device, and a power splitter to electrically connect the output to the input. The output includes a plurality of output contacts that each interface with one optoelectronic device among the plurality of optoelectronic devices of the multibeam optoelectronic device via one transmission line among a plurality of transmission lines having a common electrical length. In embodiments, the power splitter is a resistor-based power splitter that adjusts an overall impedance of the power splitter at each tee junction or intersection to provide an impedance-matched interface.

An apparatus providing a phase-matched interface between a driver device and a multibeam optoelectronic device, such as a VCSEL array device, is disclosed as well as various methods for utilization and manufacturing of the same. The interface device includes an input adapted to interface with the driver device, an output to interface with the multibeam optoelectronic device, and a power splitter to electrically connect the output to the input. The output includes a plurality of output contacts that each interface with one optoelectronic device among the plurality of optoelectronic devices of the multibeam optoelectronic device via one transmission line among a plurality of transmission lines having a common electrical length. In embodiments, the power splitter is a resistor-based power splitter that adjusts an overall impedance of the power splitter at each tee junction or intersection to provide an impedance-matched interface.

A method, a phase shifter, and a user equipment (UE) are disclosed for transmitting and receiving signals in a phased array. The method includes receiving, by a balun of a phase shifter, a transmission single-ended input signal at a single-ended side of the balun and generating a transmission differential input signal at a differential side of the balun, generating, by a differential quadrature coupler of the phase shifter, a transmission in-phase signal and a transmission quadrature signal, based on the transmission differential input signal, and combining, by a differential attenuator of the phase shifter, the transmission in-phase signal and the transmission quadrature signal into a differential phase-shifted output signal.

A method, a phase shifter, and a user equipment (UE) are disclosed for transmitting and receiving signals in a phased array. The method includes receiving, by a balun of a phase shifter, a transmission single-ended input signal at a single-ended side of the balun and generating a transmission differential input signal at a differential side of the balun, generating, by a differential quadrature coupler of the phase shifter, a transmission in-phase signal and a transmission quadrature signal, based on the transmission differential input signal, and combining, by a differential attenuator of the phase shifter, the transmission in-phase signal and the transmission quadrature signal into a differential phase-shifted output signal.