Examples disclosed herein relate to a phased array antenna system for use with a Low Earth Orbit (“LEO”) satellite constellation. The phased array antenna system has a plurality of antenna panels positioned in a dome and an antenna controller to control the plurality of antenna panels, the controller directing a first antenna panel to transmit a first signal and a second antenna panel to transmit a second signal to a LEO satellite, the first signal having a first phase and the second signal having a second phase different from the first phase.

A base station antenna includes a radome and an antenna assembly that is mounted within the radome. The antenna assembly includes a backplane that includes a first reflector, a first array that includes a plurality of first radiating elements mounted to extend forwardly from the first reflector, a second reflector mounted to extend forwardly from the first reflector and a second array that includes a plurality of second radiating elements mounted to extend forwardly from the second reflector. The first radiating elements extend a first distance forwardly from the first reflector and the second radiating elements extend a second distance forwardly from the second reflector, where the first distance exceeds the second distance.

Modular antennas with high instantaneous bandwidth are described. In one embodiment, an antenna comprises a plurality of antenna modules tiled together and configured to form one metasurface antenna with an array of surface scattering metamaterial antenna elements; and a feed network comprising a plurality of feed points coupled to the plurality of antenna modules to supply the modules with a feed wave.

A radar system includes a transmit front end device including a transmit planar component, and a receive front end device including a receive planar component. Each of the transmit planar component and the receive planar component includes a first end, a second end, a cavity space and a linear array of antennas. The cavity space is bounded by beam ports along a first side of the cavity space and by array ports along a second side of the cavity space. The cavity space is in operative communication with the beam ports and with the array ports to form a Rotman lens. A linear array of antennas is located along the second end of the planar component. The transmit planar component and receive planar component are arranged such that the linear array of antennas of the transmit planar component and the linear array of antennas are perpendicular to one another.

The present invention provides phased array antenna apparatus (200) for operation in frequencies above six gigahertz. The apparatus (200) comprises: a plurality of sub-arrays (208) together configured to form a phased array antenna, each sub-array (208) comprising at least four antenna elements (220), each antenna element (220) for receiving an input signal from the sub-array (220) and comprising: an antenna (230) for transmission of the input signal; and a signal modification component (222) to adjust a phase of the input signal during propagation to the antenna (230); and a plurality of power amplifiers (212), wherein each sub-array (208) is provided with a one of the plurality of power amplifiers (212), wherein each sub-array (208) is arranged to be provided with an amplified input signal, and each antenna element (220) of the sub-array (208) is configured to be provided with the amplified input signal of the respective sub-array (208) as the input signal to the antenna element (220), and wherein the power amplifier (212) for each sub-array (208) is configured to receive a phased array input signal for amplification and to output the respective amplified input signal to the respective sub-array (208). The power amplifier (212) for each sub-array (208) may be physically separate and distinct from each sub-array (208).

The disclosure provides a method for estimating a direction of arrival of an L-type coprime array based on coupled tensor decomposition. The method includes: constructing an L-type coprime array with separated sub-arrays and modeling a received signal; deriving a fourth-order covariance tensor of the received signal of the L-type coprime array; deriving a fourth-order virtual domain signal corresponding to an augmented virtual uniform cross array; dividing the virtual uniform cross array by translation; constructing a coupled virtual domain tensor by stacking a translation virtual domain signal; and obtaining a direction of arrival estimation result by coupled virtual domain tensor decomposition. The present invention makes full use of the spatial correlation property of the virtual domain tensor statistics of the constructed L-type coprime array with the separated sub-arrays, and realizes high-precision two-dimensional direction of arrival estimation by coupling the virtual domain tensor processing, which can be used for target positioning.

The present disclosure relates to stripline cavity structures. One example stripline cavity structure is disposed on a back surface of a reflecting plate, and first avoidance holes are provided on the reflecting plate. The stripline cavity structure includes at least one second conductor strip, the stripline cavity structure is disposed on the back surface of the reflecting plate, and the second conductor strip passes through the first avoidance holes to be connected to the first conductor strip in a microstrip circuit.

The present disclosure relates to an antenna element (1) comprising a lower conducting plane (2), an upper conducting plane (3) and an upper dielectric layer structure (4) that is positioned between the conducting planes (2, 3). The upper dielectric layer structure (4) comprises a plurality of conducting vias (5) that electrically connect the conducting planes (2, 3) to each other and circumvent an upper radiating patch (6) formed in, below or above the upper conducting plane (3). The conducting vias (5) circumvent at least one intermediate radiating patch (7, 8) that is formed in the upper dielectric layer structure (4), and a lowest intermediate radiating patch (7) that is closest to the lower conducting plane (2) is connected to a feed arrangement (9, 10) that comprises at least one feeding probe (9, 10) that extends via a corresponding aperture (13) in the lower conducting plane (2) and is electrically connected to the lowest intermediate radiating patch (7).

The present invention provides an antenna module for a massive MIMO antenna, the antenna module comprising a plurality of first signal ports, a number of first antenna elements arranged in a first matrix arrangement, wherein a number of rows of the first matrix arrangement and/or a number of columns of the first matrix arrangement equals the number of first signal ports, and a switching matrix that is configured to controllably couple each of the first signal ports either with all first antenna elements of a respective row of the first matrix arrangement or all first antenna elements of a respective column of the first matrix arrangement. Further, the present invention provides a respective massive MIMO antenna.

This application describes multi-band antenna systems and base stations. An example multi-band antenna system includes: a plurality of radiating element arrays, feeding networks separately corresponding to the plurality of radiating element arrays, at least one layer of a frequency selective surface (FSS), and a reflection panel. The plurality of radiating element arrays are located above the reflection panel. All or some of the plurality of radiating element arrays are stacked. The at least one layer of the FSS is located between the stacked radiating element arrays. A feeding network corresponding to at least one radiating element array in the stacked radiating element arrays is electrically connected to the at least one layer of the FSS, or the feeding network corresponding to the at least one radiating element array is integrated on the at least one layer of the FSS.