The invention relates to an underwater switch unit for voltage supply of electrical devices (11), particularly in the low voltage range, having a housing (19) which is preferably designed to be water-tight, in which an electronics unit (2) is arranged, by means of which an input voltage, which can be connected via an input connection of the underwater switch unit (14), can be distributed in parallel to a plurality of output connections (16) of the underwater switch unit (14), wherein at least two of the output connections (16) can be supplied with voltage separate from each other via at least one switch element (7, 8) of the underwater switch unit (14), and wherein the uncontrolled underwater switch unit (14) comprises a data bus connection having a related data bus interface, via which an informational signal concerning the voltage connection of an output connection (16) can be detected.

In one embodiment, a method includes receiving at a remote network device, power and data from a central network device, wherein the power is used to power the remote network device, performing auto-negotiation with the central network device, wherein the auto-negotiation includes operating the remote network device in a low voltage mode during fault sensing of a power circuit at the remote network device, and selecting a power operating mode, wherein selecting the power operating mode includes selecting a high voltage mode if no fault is detected during the fault sensing, the high voltage mode comprising DC (direct current) pulse power. An apparatus is also disclosed herein.

An energy storage module for the reversible storage of electric energy is provided that comprises several flywheel energy storage units that are electrically connected in parallel via a shared DC link. A first regulation system is connected to the DC link and that, during normal operation (NO), connects the DC link to one or more external power networks in order to absorb (En) energy from or release (Ep) energy into the external power network(s). A second regulation system includes an input side and an output side, whereby the input side is connected to at least the DC link while the output side is connected to an internal supply network for purposes of supplying one or more electrically powered operating aggregates that are needed to operate the flywheel energy storage units.

An electrical system for an automotive vehicle has a plurality of electrical generating machines having field windings energized by pulse width modulated drive signals generated by an external electronic voltage regulator. The pulse width modulated drive signals have a duty cycle determined by the electronic voltage regulator. A controller selects one of electrical generating machines to evaluate for failure and evaluates that electrical generating machine for failure by causing the PWM drive signal for the field windings of that electrical generating machine to be disabled. The controller then determines that this electrical generating machine has failed if the duty cycle for the PWM drive signals has then not been increased by the electronic voltage regulator by a pre-determined amount. The electrical generating machines are either generators or alternators. In an aspect, the PWM drive signals for the plurality of electrical generating machines are out of phase with each other.

A method and system for implementing DMPP tracking of partially shaded/uniformly illuminated photovoltaic arrays using switched capacitor DC-DC converter is disclosed. Here, a dedicated SC converter is connected across each PV cell or PV module made of series connected PV cells wherein series connected modules make a PV string and parallel connected PV strings make up a PV array. This SC converter injects an equalization current across the PV module or PV cell so that the total current in the parallel combination of the PV module or PV cell and the corresponding SC converter is the same as the PV string current. In another implementation of DMPP tracking using SC converters, a dedicated SC converter is connected across each isolated PV module to perform MPP tracking of the respective PV module. Then all MPP tracking SC converter outputs are diode ORed to the common load.

A static transfer switch is provided for supplying power to a load alternately from two different power sources. Switching between the two power sources may occur within a fraction of one electrical cycle. In response to sensing degraded performance in the power source supplying the load, a main circuit is turned off with a resonant turn off circuit. The resonant turn off circuit is shared between the main circuits of two different power sources such that the resonant turn off circuit is connected to the main circuit of whichever power source is currently supply power to the load.

A hot-pluggable uninterruptible power supply module includes at least one first power supply device, each first power supply device having an end electrically connected with an electronic system and another end electrically connected with an external AC power source; at least one hot-swapping uninterruptible power supply module, each hot-swapping uninterruptible power supply module including a control module, a second power supply device, and a battery that is electrically connected with the second power supply device. The second power supply device is electrically connected with the control module. The control module of each hot-swapping uninterruptible power supply module is electrically connected with each first power supply device. The second power supply device of each hot-swapping uninterruptible power supply module is electrically connected with the electronic system and an end of each first power supply device.

The invention relates to an apparatus (2) for state of charge compensation having a battery system (10) for providing electrical energy comprising a series connection of a first battery sub-module (13) and a second battery sub-module (13′) having a first voltage conversion module (20′) wherein the first voltage conversion module (20′) is electrically connected to the second battery sub-module (13′), and wherein an electrical component (30) can be connected to the first voltage conversion module (20′) and can be supplied with electrical energy from the connected second battery sub-module (13′), wherein the apparatus (2) has a switching device (26) for switching an electrical connection between the first battery sub-module (13) and the first voltage conversion module (20′) and wherein the apparatus (2) has a control device (11) which is designed to control the switching device (26) such that electrical energy flows from the first battery sub-module (13) to the second battery sub-module (13′) and/or that electrical energy flows from the second battery sub-module (13′) to the first battery sub-module (13).

The present invention discloses an apparatus and a method for using a plurality of external USB power sources. The electronic apparatus comprises a plurality of USB jacks, a plurality of first diodes, at least one external power source jack, a second diode and a first voltage converter, a processing unit, a main memory, a network interface, at least one SIM card slot, a RF transceiver and a secondary storage. Further when voltage supplied via one or more of the external USB power sources is below a first reference voltage, a first action is performed.

An electrical system for an aircraft with an electric taxi system (ETS), the electrical system may include at least one traction motor, a DC link and at least one traction-motor bidirectional DC-AC converter interposed between the at least one traction motor and the DC link. An engine-driven power source may be configured to provide DC power to the DC link or extract DC power from the DC link. A battery unit may be configured to provide DC power to the DC link or extract DC power from the DC link. An adaptive power controller may be interconnected with the power source, the battery unit and the at least one traction-motor bidirectional DC-AC converter and configured to regulate voltage of DC power delivered to the DC link.