A sliding surface located to one side in the axial direction relative to the axially central position of a rotary shaft is supported by the slide surface of a supply shaft in a slidable manner in the axial direction, the slide surface being the surface on which sliding occurs. The portion located to the other side in the axial direction side relative to the axially central position of the rotary shaft is fixed to an output shaft. The sliding surface is positioned on the surface of a hard coating, and the hard coating is positioned so as to cover a part of a substrate made of a GFRP. The slide surface is positioned on the surface of a hard coating, and the hard coating is positioned so as to cover a part of a substrate made of a GFRP.

Electrical, mechanical, computing, and/or other devices that include components formed of extremely low resistance (ELR) materials, including, but not limited to, modified ELR materials, layered ELR materials, and new ELR materials, are described.

Electrical, mechanical, computing, and/or other devices that include components formed of extremely low resistance (ELR) materials, including, but not limited to, modified ELR materials, layered ELR materials, and new ELR materials, are described.

Various implementations of the invention correspond to an improved vortex flux generator. In some implementations of the invention, the improved vortex flux generator includes a magnetic circuit configured to produce a magnetic field; a quench controller configured to provide a variable current; a vortex material configured to form and subsequently dissipate a vortex in response to the variable current, wherein upon formation of the vortex, a magnetic field density surrounding the vortex is urged to decrease, and wherein upon subsequent dissipation of the vortex, the urging to decrease ceases and the magnetic field density increases prior to a reformation of the vortex, and wherein the decrease of the magnetic field density and the increase of the magnetic field density correspond to a modulation of the magnetic field; an inductor disposed in a vicinity of the vortex such that the modulation of the magnetic field induces an electrical current in the inductor; and a dissipation superconductor electrically disposed in parallel with the vortex material and configured to carry, without quenching, an entirety of the variable current during dissipation of the vortex in the vortex material.

Various implementations of the invention correspond to an improved vortex flux generator. In some implementations of the invention, the improved vortex flux generator includes a magnetic circuit configured to produce a magnetic field; a quench controller configured to provide a variable current; a vortex material configured to form and subsequently dissipate a vortex in response to the variable current, wherein upon formation of the vortex, a magnetic field density surrounding the vortex is urged to decrease, and wherein upon subsequent dissipation of the vortex, the urging to decrease ceases and the magnetic field density increases prior to a reformation of the vortex, and wherein the decrease of the magnetic field density and the increase of the magnetic field density correspond to a modulation of the magnetic field; an inductor disposed in a vicinity of the vortex such that the modulation of the magnetic field induces an electrical current in the inductor; and a dissipation superconductor electrically disposed in parallel with the vortex material and configured to carry, without quenching, an entirety of the variable current during dissipation of the vortex in the vortex material.

A system for cooling a superconducting motor includes a combustor and fuel tank that contains a fuel. The system further includes a cooling system that provides the fuel to the superconducting motor or a cryocooler to cool the superconducting motor, resulting in at least partially vaporized fuel coming out of the superconducting motor or cryocooler. The cooling system also a cryocooler and a two-phase ejector that mixes the fuel from the tank and the at least partially vaporized fuel to produce a mixed fuel. The combustor receives the mixed fuel and generates electric power due its combustion. The power can be provided to the superconducting motor.

A system for cooling a superconducting motor includes a combustor and fuel tank that contains a fuel. The system further includes a cooling system that provides the fuel to the superconducting motor or a cryocooler to cool the superconducting motor, resulting in at least partially vaporized fuel coming out of the superconducting motor or cryocooler. The cooling system also a cryocooler and a two-phase ejector that mixes the fuel from the tank and the at least partially vaporized fuel to produce a mixed fuel. The combustor receives the mixed fuel and generates electric power due its combustion. The power can be provided to the superconducting motor.

The present disclosure provides a superconducting power generation device and a power generation method. The device includes a superconductor, a conductive coil, a permanent magnet and a cooling medium. When ambient temperature is lower than its superconducting critical temperature, the superconductor, made of the second-type superconducting material, is capable of generating a magnetic levitation force to an outer permanent magnet and levitate it. When an external force is applied to the permanent magnet, its position changes compared to the conductive coil, which affects the magnetic flux passing through the coil and induces the generation of electromotive force in the coil, thereby converting mechanical energy to electric energy. By using the device provided by the present disclosure, the conversion from the mechanical energy to the electric energy in an ultra-low temperature environment can be achieved, and thus, problems about energy sources on low-temperature celestial bodies in extrasolar systems are solved.

The present disclosure provides a superconducting power generation device and a power generation method. The device includes a superconductor, a conductive coil, a permanent magnet and a cooling medium. When ambient temperature is lower than its superconducting critical temperature, the superconductor, made of the second-type superconducting material, is capable of generating a magnetic levitation force to an outer permanent magnet and levitate it. When an external force is applied to the permanent magnet, its position changes compared to the conductive coil, which affects the magnetic flux passing through the coil and induces the generation of electromotive force in the coil, thereby converting mechanical energy to electric energy. By using the device provided by the present disclosure, the conversion from the mechanical energy to the electric energy in an ultra-low temperature environment can be achieved, and thus, problems about energy sources on low-temperature celestial bodies in extrasolar systems are solved.

An electromechanical machine includes at least one coil made from a material that becomes electrically superconducting when its temperature is below a critical temperature. A functional part is contained in an internal volume of a thermally insulating and fluid-tight enclosure of the machine. A wall of the insulating enclosure is traversed in a fluid-tight fashion by at least one shaft for transmitting mechanical power between the functional part located in the internal volume of the insulating enclosure and a space outside the insulating enclosure. The functional part can be used as a heat sink, pre-cooled to maintain the temperature conditions for maintaining superconductivity inside the insulating enclosure.